Vocabulary
The study of the earth and its materials, structure, and the processes and the history of how these things have changed over time
What is Geology?
Plate tectonics floats on this layer of the Earth’s crust
What is the upper mantle?
Path that has an exceptional amount of volcanic activity
What is the Ring of Fire?
Minerals are made up of these
What is an element?
When rocks appear to have stripes or lines in them
What is layering?
A process in a volcano where magma, along with other materials, pushes up out of the earth and onto its surface
What is eruption?
These can be defined as divergent, convergent, or transform
What are plate boundaries?
These types of volcanoes often form islands
What are hot spot volcanoes?
Repeating patterns that are joined together without gaps and without overlapping
What are tessellations?
Small tremors before an earthquake
What are foreshocks?
An area of convergence where one tectonic plate sinks and slides under another
What is subduction zone?
The original landmass of Earth
What is Pangea?
During an eruption water vapor, gas, dust, rocks, minerals, volcanic gas and other debris get emitted into the air
What is an ash cloud?
A crystal minerals that is considered highly valuable
What is a gem?
The ingredients that make up rocks
What are minerals?
A three dimensional solid that has its internal atoms arranged in a highly organized
When two plates pull away from each other
What is divergent boundary?
Mount St. Helens is this type of volcano
What is a lava dome?
A mineral and a crystal that is made of magnesium
What is dolomite?
Earthquakes can take place near tectonic plate boundaries or another place
What are faults?
An area where two tectonic plates collide, often resulting in one plate sinking and sliding under the other
What is a convergent boundary?
This type of boundary formed the San Andreas Fault
What is a transform boundary?
Cooled magma forms this rock that makes up most of the ocean floor
What is basalt?
A mineral and a crystal that is made of calcium and carbon
What is calcite?
Earth’s crust stores energy in the process of a slow buildup of pressure that occurs as plates slowly shift
What is elastic rebound?