Igeneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Data/Instruments
Misc.
100
This reaction series, proposed by a Scottish petrologist, explains the order of mineral crystallization from mafic to felsic compositions.
What is Bowens Reaction Series
100
This reaction type releases H₂O during progressive metamorphism of hydrous minerals.
What is a dehydration reaction?
100
What are these?
- Superposition
- Cross cutting Relations
- Original Horizontality
- Lateral Continuity
What is Steno's Principles
100
Name this tool
What is the Slab Saw
100
This optical property describes the change in mineral color under plane-polarized light when the stage is rotated.
What is Pleochroism
200
This textural term describes volcanic rocks that cool so quickly crystals do not have time to form.
What is aphanitic
200
This metamorphic facies is characterized by high pressure and low temperature conditions typical of subduction zones.
What is the the blueschist facies?
200
This stratigraphic surface represents the maximum landward extent of marine transgression.
What is the maximum flooding surface?
200
What is used in the field to determine strike and dip
What is a Brunton Compass
200
This discontinuity marks the boundary between Earth’s crust and mantle.
What is the MOHO
300
In Bowen’s continuous reaction series, this solid solution series involves Ca-Na substitution within a framework silicate.
What is plagioclase feldspar?
300
Fluid-present melting reactions during high-grade metamorphism are classified as this type of melting.
What is Flux melting
300
What tool illustrates the relationship between sediment size and the velocity of water required for erosion, transport, and deposition
What is The Hjulström diagram
300
This furnace setup allows control of oxygen fugacity using solid-state buffers such as QFM.
What is a controlled-atmosphere (gas-mixing) furnace?
300
This isotopic system is commonly used to reconstruct paleotemperatures from carbonate shells.
What is oxygen isotope analysis?
400
what isotopic system is used to track the evolution of the Earth's mantle and crust.
142Nd / 144Nd
400
what is the name of the equation that describes the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature during phase transitions, particularly in thermodynamics.
What is the Clapeyron equation
400
This sediment transport mode involves grains moving in short ballistic hops under fluid flow.
What is Saltation
400
What machine is used for measuring the volume of a sample to calculate its density, using gas displacement to determine the volume of solids, whether they are porous or non-porous.
What is The gas pycnometer
400
On a Mohr diagram, the radius of the circle is equal to this quantity.
What is (σ₁ − σ₃)/2?
500
Hand sample:
• Coarse-grained
• Visible quartz + K-feldspar + plagioclase + biotite
• Interlocking crystals
• No foliation
Rock name?
What is granite
500
This metamorphic belt in California preserves high-pressure blueschist and records subduction along the Mesozoic margin of United States.
What is the Franciscan Complex?
500
What is the classic set of sedimentary structures found in turbidite beds, which are deposited by turbidity currents in environments such as lakes, oceans, and rivers.
What is The Bouma sequence
500
what is the high-pressure device used to compress small samples to extreme pressures, enabling the study of materials under conditions similar to those found deep within planets.
What is a diamond anvil cell (DAC)
500
What method is used to estimate the temperature and pressure conditions of metamorphic rocks by analyzing the chemical zoning of garnet within the rock.
What is Garnet Thermobarometry