The 3 Branches of Government
This branch of government makes laws in Georgia- In Georgia, what is this called?
What is the Legislative Branch? What is the General Assembly?
This is the opening section of the Georgia Constitution-
What is the Preamble?
This is the first step in creating a law-
What is- introduce a new idea for a law to either the House of Representatives or the Senate?
1. This type of law deals with disputes between individuals.
2. This type of law involves crimes against the state and can result in jail time.
2. What is Criminal Law?
Cities in Georgia are created through this.
What is through Municipal Charters?
This branch enforces laws and includes multiple agencies-
What are the 2 main offices in this branch?
What is the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor?
This section of the State Constitution protects the rights of citizens.
These permanent committees formally write and review bills before they go to the house floor for debate and voting.
What are Standing Committees?
1. Once an Adult is arrested, booked, and given their official court date, what is the FIRST step in an adult criminal trial?
2. TRUE OR FALSE- A Juvenile has the right to a jury trial just like at an adult trial.
1. What is- the Jury selection process (12 total)?
2. What is- FALSE. A Juvenile does NOT have the right to a jury trial. The Juvenile will have his/her case heard before a Judge, who will determine guilt/innocence and deliver the sentence/consequence.
This type of district provides ONE service to a limited area.
What is a Special-Purpose District?
How are Judges selected to serve in the court system in Georgia?
What is- They are elected through statewide elections?
These are changes made to the Constitution.
What are Amendments?
This committee resolves differences between House and Senate versions of a bill if the two sides cannot agree on the contents within a bill.
What is a Conference Committee?
A 15-year-old student is accused of vandalizing (destroying) school property. The case is taken to juvenile court. The student insists on having a jury trial like adults receive and refuses to accept any punishment. After the judge hears the case, the student is found delinquent and the student is sentenced to 1 month in a Juvenile Detention Facility, along with 6 months probation.
The student and their family are very upset and want to challenge the decision.
Question:
What can the student and the family do to challenge the Judges decision, and have the case reviewed by another court?
At what point are they allowed to challenge the decision?
They can appeal the decision after the official disposition (the sentence from the Judge) is delivered.
Which of these two taxes could Georgia potentially increase if more funds are needed for a certain period of time?
What are: Personal Income Taxes, and General Sales Taxes?
What is General Sales Taxes?
This is a title/position that the Lieutenant Governor has that the Governor does NOT have-
What is serving as the President of the Senate?
What are the Articles?
How much of a vote is needed in BOTH houses to pass a bill?
Once a Bill is passed by both houses, where can it be sent to?
What is a simple majority (over 50%)?
What is- It can be sent to the Governor's desk for approval and signing?
Provide 2 Rights that Juveniles have when going through the justice system that an adult doesn't have.
What is: (any of the following are correct)
The right to privacy (your identity is protected from the public while you are going through the trial process)
The right to be in a separate facility than adult offenders (Juveniles will not be put in adult Jails or Prisons, but will be placed in Juvenile Detention Facilities aka Juvy while they are still a Juvenile).
The right to have your parents contacted immediately once you are held by police
The right to 2 phone calls (typically to your parents and to your attorney)
Local governments rely heavily on this type of tax, which is a tax on the value of personally owned items (house, car, boat)
A law is passed, but a citizen claims it violates the Constitution. Which branch reviews this?
What is the power that this branch has to declare laws unconstitutional known as?
What is the Judicial Branch?
What is Checks and Balances?
A new Georgia law is passed that limits what students can say on social media, even outside of school. A group of students files a lawsuit claiming their rights have been violated.
The state argues that the law is necessary for maintaining order.
Questions:
2. What is the Bill of Rights (Specifically, the right to freedom of Speech that is protected within the Bill of Rights)
3. What is the Judicial Branch?
1. A bill passes the Senate, but is amended in the House. Is it now able to go to the Governor? Why or why not?
2. What are the 2 options a Governor has once he receives the bill? How can the Legislative Branch use checks and balances to override the Governor's decision?
1. What is- Both houses must pass an IDENTICAL version of the bill in order for it to be sent to the Governor?
2. What is- The Governor can either sign the bill or veto the bill. The Legislative Branch can "check" the Governor by overriding the veto with a 2/3 vote in both houses, allowing it to be sent to the Judicial Branch for a Judicial Review to determine Constitutionality?
Two separate legal cases are brought to court in Georgia:
Case 1: A man is arrested for breaking into a home and stealing valuables.
Case 2: A homeowner sues a construction contractor for failing to complete agreed-upon renovations of the home after the homeowner had paid.
Both cases move through the court system.
Question:
What is:
Case 1: This is a Criminal Law case. A person has broken a law established by the Federal/State Government. As such, the Government will be the prosecutor.
Case 2: This is a Civil law case. It is between two individuals, with the homeowner most likely seeking some kind of financial compensation.
A county in Georgia is facing a budget shortfall and needs additional funding to repair roads and improve local schools. County leaders are debating different ways to raise money.
One proposal suggests increasing taxes on individuals annual income, while another suggests raising taxes on homes, land, and personal property like vehicles.
Question:
What is: the second proposal focusing on personal property?