Minerals
Igneous Rocks
Weathering
Vocabulary
Miscellaneous
100
The most important mineral group
What is the silicates
100
aggregates of minerals (rocks) crystallized or solidified from magma
What is igneous rocks
100
the breakdown of rocks into loose debris
What is weathering
100
breakage from expansion of freezing water in cracks.
What is frost wedging
100
The science that pursues an understanding of the planet Earth
What is Geology
200
The basic building block of the silicate minerals
What is silica tetrahedron
200
igneous rocks that cool slowly beneath the Earth's surface
What is plutonic or intrusive rocks
200
removal of breakdown products
What is erosion
200
A test of how difficult it is to scratch a mineral
What is hardness
200
hot molten rock located below the earth's crust
What is magma
300
About how many known minerals are known on Earth
What is 4500
300
igneous rocks that cool above the Earth's surface
What is volcanic or extrusive rocks
300
-softens rock into soil or destroys it completely. -changes composition. -water & atmospheric gases.
What is chemical weathering
300
Streak is the color a mineral leaves on a ceramic plate after it has been dragged across it.
What is streak
300
How old is the Earth approximately
What is 4.5 BYO
400
Isolated Silica Tetrahedra, Single-Chain Silicates, Double-Chain Silicates, Sheet Silicates, Framework Silicates
What is the 5 classes of silicate minerals
400
texture and mineral composition
What is the two classifications of igneous rocks
400
-breaks rock into smaller pieces. -does NOT change composition.
What is mechanical weathering
400
the ordered way a mineral breaks, usually breaks along the plane of weakness, usually a flat surface
What is cleavage
400
• Conchoidal: like glass • Even: Flat • Uneven: Irregular fracture surface • Hackley: very jagged like cast iron
What are the four types of fractures
500
The 8 most abundant minerals on Earth
What are oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium
500
hot molten rock located above the surface
What is lava
500
exfoliation, frost wedging, thermal expansion
What are the types of physical weathering
500
When a mineral breaks in a random, chaotic fashion
What is fracture
500
hydrolysis, oxidation, dissolution
What are the types of chemical weathering
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