Structure
Which three layers is The Geosphere made up
The crust, the mantle and the core
What is the ore of the following mineral: Galena, Hematite, Blende, Bauxite?
Galena (lead) , Hematite(iron) , Blende (zinc), Bauxite (aluminium)
What is a rock?
True or false:
Igneous rocks-> weathering and erosion-> burial-> depostion->cementation-> Sedimentary rocks
False: first depostion, later burial
What do we uses minerals for?
Metals (ores), industry, Gemstones, Building....
What factors caused the organization into the different layers of the Geosphere?
Density and temperature
What is cleavage?
Cleavage is the tendency of a mineral to break along flat even surfaces
According to their origin, what types of rocks are there?
Sedimentary, Metamorphics, and igneous.
How does magma become a igeous rock?
By cooling down
We can observe a large crytals in a magmatic rock. Whay type is it?
Plutonic Rock
What is the crust and what are the two types?
The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth: continental and oceanic crust.
What is the hardness? and what do we use to measure it?
A mineral´s resistance to being scrathed. We use the Mohs scale.
If one rock was made up by the cooling of the magma outside of the crust, what type of rocks is?
Can an igneous rock become another igneous rock? Why?
yes, if it is melted and cooled down again.
What do we use rocks for?
Construction, Energy resource, ornamentation, others...
Where is the magma produced?
Into the mantle
Classify the following substances as a mineral or non- mineral and justify your answer?
Bone (produced by living things) - graphite- water (liquid at room Tª) - eggshells (produced by living things)- amber (produced by living things)- sulphur- coal (rock).
What is a sedimentary rock?
A rock that come from the settling, accumulation and consolidation of sediments (fragment from the erosion of other rocks or remains of living things)
What is a rock cycle?
Rock cycle is a natural process by which rocks transform from one rock type into another over time.
Explain the difference between the colour and the streak of a mineral.
The color es what you see with the nacked-eye and the streak is the color of the podwer produced when a mineral is scratched.
Say one example of rock for both types of the crust.
Continental: granite, limestones, sandstone, slate, gneiss
Oceanic: basalt, gabbro
What is a mineral?
A mineral is a natural, solid and inorganic substance with a specific chemical composition and ordered atomic arrangement (crystalline structure)
What is a clastic rock and how we classify them?
A clastic rock come from fragments of other rocks that they have been compacted. According to the size of the rocks particles: Conglomerate, Sandstone and Clay.
Describe the process by which a metamorphic rock can become a sedimentary rock.
Short way: weathering and erosion (sediments), deposition and burial an lithification.
Longer way: melting and cooling down (magma), so weathering and erosion,....an so on.
What are the thickness ranges for the continental and oceanic crust?
Continental: 25-70 km
Oceanic: 6-10 km