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Incentives for clients to engage in health promotion activities include these 4 things
**TEST**
1. Belief that activities can improve fitness and health
2. Enjoyment of socialization
3. Belief that activities will help maintain independence
4. A desire to feel good and have fun
Arthritis, hypertension, heart disease, hearing impairments, and dementia are the most common ________ conditions in older adults
Chronic
Ways to manage stress
1. Journaling
2. Relaxation techniques
3. Exercise
4. Imagery, breathing exercises or eye relaxation techniques
5. Accept what you can't change
6. Put space between you and stressor
Three physical aspects a nurse should assess for
1. Temperature-is it too hot or too cold for the client
2. Function of living environment-is environment barrier free, can wheelchair or walker get thru, are there grab bars, handrails, or toilet seat extenders to promote function?
3. Activity and involvement-investigate client's former roles (wife, teacher, mother, etc.) and incorporate those into activities; create opportunities for social interaction
Interventions to promote physical and psychosocial well-being include
1. Screening programs (immunizations, diagnostic tests)
2. Risk reduction interventions
3. Environmental modifications
4. Health education to promote good health practices
Name 3 sources of stress and examples of each
1. Environmental Stressors-weather, crime, crowds, time pressures, and demands of others
2. Bodily Stressors-illness, accidents, drugs, lack of sleep, and normal physiological aging
3. Mental Stressors- negativity, boredom and hopelessness
Name some risk factors that can occur when older adults are sedentary
Cardiovascular disease, mortality, obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes, stroke, colon cancer, depression, osteoporosis, recurrent falls, and disability
Examples of ADL and IADL
ADL: bathing, using the bathroom, brushing teeth
IADL: balancing checkbook, managing medications, cooking meals
Factors associated with lower levels of physical activity are (6)
1. Female gender
2. Smoking
3. Having poor health
4. Having poor income
5. Having less formal education
6. Lacking experience with physical activities
Three types of Exercises and examples of each
1. Strengthening-builds muscle; use of resistance bands, strap-on sandbags, bicep curls
2. Flexibility-increases flexibility; doing Yoga and/or Pilates exercises
3. Endurance-requires body to use oxygen to produce energy necessary for the activity; taking brisk walks, jogging, and walking up stairs
T/F The emphasis regarding chronic disease in the older adult is to cure the disease for best quality of life
False; the main focus is to manage the problems not cure
The four changes occurring that affect what is needed to maintain optimum nutrition
1. Metabolism slows down
2. Sense of smell and taste decline
3. Social aspect of dining declines
4. Environmental factors, such as transportation, affect the ability to shop for food
Two types of Health Promotion Strategies
Physical-addressing pain, comfort, medications, and self-care
Psychosocial-addressing dementia, depression, mental health, substance abuse, elder abuse, and/or neglect
Self-care involves
Adopting healthy lifestyle habits with regards to fitness, relaxation, and nutrition. Eat healthier, get plenty of sleep and exercise.
Inappropriate designs for older clients (4)
1. Focus on life-extension or reducing risk of premature death
2. Emphasis on being "youthful" and preventing aging
3. Health promotion programs focus on preventing chronic disease, rather than managing the problem
4. The focus on self-responsibility for health
Prevents disease, lower the risk of falls, improve mental health and well-being, strengthen social ties, and improve cognitive function
Four appropriate designs of health promotion activities for the older adult
1. Accessible (location, transportation)
2. Sociable and enjoyable (mental and physical wellness)
3. Reasonable (right activity for the right person)
4. Sensitive to older people's needs (hearing, vision, functional level)