The Theories of Everything
For Rationalists, this form of knowledge preceded experience and was acquired by reason alone.
What is a priori?
Derived from the Greek word for obligation or duty, this branch of ethics advocates adherence to rules or duties.
What is Deontology?
As an idealist, Hegel saw history as this unending process of ideas; comprised of Thesis, Antithesis, and Synthesis.
What is a dialectic?
Conversely, Empiricists contended that this form of knowledge was acquired through sensory perceptions or "after experience".
What is a posteriori?
A moral law that is unconditional or absolute for all agents, the validity of which does not depend on any ulterior motive or end.
What is the Categorical Imperative?
Embodying culture, language, life, thought, and reason as humanity evolves, these forces enabled humans to discern their true purpose in life.
What are Geists?
Thus, Kant tried to synthesize these two philosophical traditions by distinguishing noumena (essence) from phenomena (perception) in this epistemological theory.
What is transcendental idealism?
Since individuals must think for themselves and take responsibility for their own actions, Kant emphasized the importance of this ability to freely deliberate and act in accordance with moral law.
What is Moral Autonomy?
Introducing new, controversial ideas and catalyzing change, Hegel identified Caesar, Alexander the Great, and Napoleon as these instruments of the Weltgeist.
What are world-historical individuals?