Vitamin Depletions
What vitamin deficiency is seen with cheilosis, corneal vascularization, glossitis
Riboflavin (B2)
The most common complication of peripheral vein Parenteral Nutrition is?
Phlebitis- managed with heparin and hydrocortisone
What familial dyslipidemia is associated with pancreatitis, pruritic xanthomas, and a creamy layer in supernatant.
Clue: Defeciency in lipoprotein lipase or apolipoprotein CII deficiency
Familial Dyslipidemias I Hyperchylomicronemia
Excessive dieting, exercise, or binge eating with purging in a <18.5 BMI patient. Can be seen with depression, decrease bone density, severe weight loss, amenorrhea and metatarsal stress fractures. This disease is known as?
Anorexia Nervosa
The first day of this month is known as
New Years Day
What vitamin deficiency is seen with diarrhea, dementia with hallucinations, dermatitis (rash around the neck called casal necklace)
Niacin (B3)
What amino acid is essential for immune cells and cells of the gut mucosa
Glutamine
What familial dyslipidemia is associated with accelerated atheroscleoris and can be seen where a patient can develop a MI before the age of 20. You can also see tendon xanthomas and corneal arcus
Clue: Defective LDL receptors
Binge eating with recurrent inapproriate compensatory behaviors like self induced vomiting or laxative use. BMI is within the normal range. Can be seen with parotitis, enamel erosion, metabolic alkalosis, dorsal hand calluses (russell sign). This disease is known as?
Bulimia Nervosa
Name one holiday in this month that is associated with a famous person
Martin Luther King Jr Day
What vitamin deficiency is seen with bleeding gums, petechia, purpura or ecchymosis
(Hint two answers-just give me one)
Vitamin K or Vitamin C (Scurvy)
In certain malnourished patients excessive intravenous dextrose causes markedly stimulates insulin release, which rapidly lowers blood concentrations of potassium, magnesium, and especially phosphorus as a result of intracellular shifts and utilization in carbohydrate metabolic pathways is known as what?
Refeeding syndrome
At what age does USPTF recommend screening for lipoprotein abnormality in the normal population.
Age 35 for men and Age 45 for women
What is the sole effective therapy for treating obesity?
Lifestyle modification- include diet and exercise changes.
Reduce daily caloric intake by 250-500.
40-45% of calories should come from carbs
30-35% of calories should come from fat
increase fiber to 20-35 grams daily
Exercise moderate 150 mins a week.
This week in Canada is known as what?
Weedless Week also known as National Non-smoking week from 1988
What vitamin deficiency is seen with acrodermatitis enteropathica, anosmia, hypogonadism, easily pluckable sparse hair, and sometimes loss of taste
Zinc
Patients with short bowel syndrome or other conditions causing intestinal failure (e.g., motility disorders, obstruction, severe ileus, severe inflammatory bowel disease), especially those with preexisting malnutrition should be on what type of feed? Enteral or Parenteral
What is the drug of choice for patients that have been diagnosed with dysplipdemia
Statins
Name one of the four anti obesity drugs approved in the US?
Orlistat- inhibits lipid breakdown in GI tract
Phentramine- short term use for obesity, because actions similar to amphetamines
Lorcaserin- activates 5-HT receptor agonist and controls satiety.
Phenteramine and Long-acting Topiramate- topiramate has side effects related to weight loss. It also reduces side effects from Phenteramine.
Today in History
In tech news which company sold its first computer on this day?
Apple Macintosh goes on sale in 1984 January 24
What vitamin deficiency is seen with polyneuritis, ataxia, nystagmus, heart failure, mental status changes or confusion, peripheral edema, symmetrical muscle wasting
Thiamine (B1)
Dry Beriberi- polyneuritis, symmetrical muscle wasting
Wet Beriberi- heart failure, (dialated cardiomyopathy, edema)
Other complications of B1 deficiency is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
What type of macroorganic molecule should be minimized in patients with acute or chronic renal failure?
Proteins- due to the buildup of nitrogen containing substance in the blood leading to azotemia
Which of the following lipid lowering agents works effectively at reducing triglycerides
Fibrates- (Gemfibrozil, Benzafibrate...)
What is the gold standard to accurately measure total body fat and body composition particularly fat mass and fat free mass?
DEXA scan- which is evidently better than CT or MRI and the conventional way of measuring it which is hydrodensitometry
DAILY DOUBLE.
This day in history.
President Polk's annoucement led to a group called forty niners to seek what?
Gold, this was known as the Gold rush