Biology
nature vs nurture debate
What is...
the longstanding debate over whether human behavior, personality, and intelligence are shaped by genetic inheritance (nature) or environmental factors and experience (nurture)
this mental predisposition has us perceive one things over another
What is...
perceptual set
this prevents a child from viewing the world from another person's point of view
egocentrism
what is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
What is...
prejudice is an internal attitude
discrimination is an external action
Sierra was having a good day and decided to help her roommate clean the kitchen
what phenomenon is this an example of?
What is...
feel-good, do-good phenomenon
absolute threshold
the minimum stimulus energy required to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time
this mental shortcut often allows us to make judgements, solve problems, and perceive the world quickly
What is...
heuristics
a procedure for studying child-caregiver attachment where the child is put in an unfamiliar environment while the caregiver leaves
What is...
strange situation
which defense mechanism is she using?
What is...
displacement
what is the difference between a positive symptom and a negative symptom in a person with schizophrenia?
What is...
positive: inappropriate behaviors are present
negative: appropriate behaviors are absent
this nerve network travels through the brainstem and filters information to control arousal and attention to stimuli
What is...
reticular formation
these 3 processes help us remember information, similar to a computer system
What are...
encoding, storage & retrieval
when Sierra taught Brookie how to twirl, she gave her a treat if she completed the trick
this is an example of what?
What is...
positive reinforcement
theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent
What is...
cognitive dissonance theory
what are the 6 character/signature traits discovered by Siliegman?
What are...
1. wisdom
2. courage
3. humanity
4. justice
5. temperance
6. transcendence
this theory states that the spinal cord has a neurological "gate" that regulates signals to the brain
What is...
gate-control theory
these memories are linked to the cerebellum and are unconscious (non declarative)
What are...
implicit memories (procedural & classical conditioned scenarios)
the gamblers fallacy (mistaken belief that if a particular random event occurs less frequently than normal during the past, it is more likely to happen in the future) is an example of which reinforcement schedule?
What is...
fixed-ratio (FR) schedule
when Sierra tripped and fell onstage she blamed it on the floor, while the audience just thought she was a bad dancer
what bias does this represent?
What is...
actor-observer bias
what type of treatment is Sierra receiving?
What is...
aversive conditioning
example of a situation where sequential processing would be used
What is...
learning new information or solving difficult problems
when reading the Hunger Games book, you imagine what Katniss looks like
however, after watching the Hunger Games movies, you can only picture Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss
this is an example of what type of interference?
What is...
retroactive interference
name & describe the 5 systems within the ecological systems theory
What is...
1. microsystem (immediate, direct contact)
2. mesosystem (relationships between micro groups)
3. ecosystem (environments that indirectly affects a person)
4. macrosystem (cultural influences)
5. chronosystem (life stages & related events)
what are the 3 sections of Freud's iceberg model and what do they represent
What is...
1. Id (unconscious mind focused on instant gratification)
2. Ego (rational moderator based on real-life consequences)
3. Superego (moral conscious that strives for ideal behavior)
what are the 3 clusters of personality disorders?
What are...
Cluster A (eccentric or odd)
Cluster B (dramatic, emotional, or erratic)
Cluster C (anxious or fearful)