Igneous Rocks
How igneous rocks form
What is cooling from a melt?
The two layers that make tectonic activity possible
Interchangeable term for a single mineral grain
What is a crystal?
Age of the Earth
What is 4.56 GA?
The three rock types
What are Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic?
The two main types of igneous rock
What is intrusive and extrusive?
The three plate boundary types
The factors that determine the shape and size of crystals
What is: chemical composition, growth environment, internal structure
Abbreviation for 1,000,000 years.
What is GA?
Layers of the Earth
What is crust, mantle, inner core, outer core?
Determining factors in an igneous rock's texture
What is cooling speed and volatiles?
Pre WWII plate tectonics evidence
What is "jigsaw fit", fossil distribution, glacial deposits in equatorial regions? Bonus points if you mentioned Alfred Wegener or continental drift.
This determines a mineral's fracture or cleavage pattern.
What is bond type and strength?
Two ways to talk about geologic time
What is relative age vs absolute age?
The two different kinds of crust
What is continental and oceanic?
The range of chemistry for igneous rocks
What is felsic-intermediate-mafic-ultramafic?
Post WWII plate tectonics evidence
What is sonar mapping of the seafloor, rock dating, and magnetic stripes?
Diagnostic characteristics for minerals
What is: Shape, cleavage vs fracture, effervescence, luster, hardness, streak, magnetism, specific gravity, and OCCASIONALLY color?
The rate of speed at which tectonic plates move
What is a few MM a year?
Most important factors in forming a melt
What is temperature, pressure water/volatiles content, and chemical composition?
Why are igneous rocks important?
What is Earth resources, information on tectonic development, and recorders of evolution?
Geohazards associated with plate tectonics
What is earthquakes, landslides, volcanos, tsunamis, and more?
The five characteristics a mineral needs to be considered a mineral
What is: Inorganic, solid, naturally occurring, ordered internal structure (crystalline), and specific chemical composition?
The laws that determine how older and younger rocks interact
What is the law of superposition, the law of cross-cutting relationships, the law of included fragments, and the law of contact effects?
The reason plates move and break apart
What is mantle convection?