Upper GI
What is the best way to check if an NG tube is in place?
Chest x-ray
What condition is characterized by dysphagia, fullness in neck, belching, regurgitation, coughing, and belching?
Hint: think lower GI disorders
Esophageal Diverticulum
Which condition causes vomiting of stool, and why does an NG tube help?
Small bowel obstruction and it decompresses
What's the difference between melena and hematochezia?
Melena - dark, tarry stool
Hematochezia - red stool
Cullen's and Turner's signs are associated with what condition?
What is the difference between enteral and parenteral nutrition?
Enteral - goes into stomach (NG, oral)
Parenteral - bypasses GI system (IV)
NSAIDs, corticosteroids, alcohol, and stress can cause this condition to worsen.
Hint: not GERD
What are some differences between Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis?
Crohn's - throughout the intestines, RLQ pain, steatorrhea, elevated WBC, H&H low
Ulcerative - only in the colon, LLQ pain, tenesmus, diarrhea with pus, mucus, and blood
What two conditions can cause rebound tenderness?
Appendicitis and Peritonitis
This condition causes sharp RLQ pain, tenderness at McBurney's point, Rovsing's sign, and rebound tenderness.
This condition is when part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm.
Hiatal hernia
This condition is characterized by excriciating retrosternal pain, dysphagia, infection, fever, and hypotension.
Esophageal perforation
What condition requires screenings starting at 45 years old and is characterized by weight loss, narrow stool, and melena or hematochezia?
Colon cancer
What condition needs to have daily weights, abdominal girth measurement, and diuretics?
Ascites
What is the transmission method for Hep A and Hep E?
What is the transmission method for Hep B?
What is the transmission method for Hep C and Hep D?
Fecal-oral
Sexual contact
Blood, needlesticks
This condition is treated with H2 receptor antagonists and PPI's to prevent stomach acid secretion. Sucralfate and metoclopramide are also meds for it.
GERD
Famotidine (H2), Pantoprazole (PPI)
This condition is characterized by pyrosis, regurgitation, epigastric pain, fullness after eating, and volvulus.
Hiatal hernia
What are esophageal varices and what is the main risk?
Dilated veins in the esophagus and hemorrhage
This condition is characterized by LLQ cramping, constipation or diarrhea, and a fever.
Diverticulitis
Asterixis, mental status changes, and fetor hepatics are associated with what condition?
What is the treatment that lowers ammonia levels?
Hepatic encephalopathy
Lactulose
What condition causes inflammation of the stomach mucosa?
What condition is very similar to gastritis, but it is characterized by ulcer formation and increased gastric acid secretion?
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Inflammation of the lining of your abdomen is called what?
Peritonitis
What condition is characterized by abdominal pain, pain with movement, abdominal tenderness, rigid and distended abdomen, and rebound tenderness?
Peritonitis
List whether these cirrhosis symptoms are compensated or decompensated:
Abd pain. enlarged liver. hypotension. epistaxis. clubbed fingers. jaundice. purpura. white nails. dyspepsia. spontaneous bruising.
Compensated - abd pain, enlarged liver, dyspepsia, epistaxis
Decompensated - hypotension, clubbed fingers, jaundice, purpura, white nails, spontaneous bruising