Anatomy and Physiology
Assessment and Diagnostics
Meds
Disorders 1
Disorders 2
100
The cardiac sphincter, also known as the ______, is located where?
What is ... lower esophageal sphincter. located at the entrance to the stomach
100
What is the proper way to palpate the abd?
What is... light palpation, tender areas last, watch face for grimacing, using fingertips press down 1-2 cm in circular fashion
100
Which medication acts as a mucosal barrier and lines the stomach?
What is ...Sucralfate (Carafate)
100
How do we definitively diagnose PUD?
What is ... esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
100
Swollen fragile blood vessels in the esophagus is called ____. What is a major nursing concern? What is the primary disease process that causes these?
What is... esophageal varices. Hemorrhage. Alcoholism.
200
List the parts of the stomach from entrance to exit
What is cardiac sphincter, cardia, fundus, body, pylorus, pyloric sphincter
200
List 3 nsg considerations for the pt undergoing a sigmoidoscopy
What is... pt edu on bowel prep, NPO after midnight, signed consent, enemas running clear. Assess post procedure complications: bowel perferation, rectal bleeding. Encourage fluid intake, pt may resume diet, pt education on increased flatulence d/t air instilation
200
What class of medication is Ranitidine (zantac) and when should it be taken?
What is H2 receptor antagonist. Should be taken with meals and at bedtime.
200
List nursing considerations for the pt with a hiatal hernia.
What is ...Similar to GERD. Small frequent meals. Limit liquids with meals, keep head upright 1 hr post meal. Avoid anticholinergics which delay gastric emptying
200
List foods that relax the LES and cause ________.
What is ... fatty and fried foods, chocolate, caffeine, peppermint, spicy foods, tomatoes, citrus fruits, and alcohol. Contributes to GERD
300
What are the functions of the salivary glands
What is ... moistens food for easier swallowing, helps glob it together. helps prevent mouth infections
300
Certain diagnostic procedures require barium to visualize the GI system. What are important nursing considerations regarding this?
What is ... makes pt constipated. Ensure elimination (stool will be white colored for up to 72 hours). Give MOM or other laxative. Push fluids.
300
List 2 immunomodulators and what disorder are they used for?
What is Infliximab (Remicade) and Certolizumab (Cimzia). Ulcerative colitis and chron's disease
300
Which medications are hard on your stomach lining? What does the use of these meds put you at risk for?
What is ...NSAIDS, aspirin. ulcers
300
Who is at risk for hernias?
What is... increased age, obesity, pregnancy, congential diaphragm malformations, esophageal carcinmoa, kyphoscoliosi, trama, and smoking. factors that increase intra-abd pressure.
400
What are the clotting factors and where are they formed?
What is ... fibrinogen, heparin, prothrombin. Formed in the liver
400
List 3 complications associated with enteral feeding and what can you do for each?
What is ... over feeding (monitor residual), diarrhea (slow rate of feeding) , aspiration pneumonia (stop the feeding, turn pt on side and suction airway).
400
What is the purpose of loperamide. What is a risk if it works too well?
What is anti-diarrheal. Constipation
400
What pt education is required for the pt with dumping syndrome?
What is ...lay down following meals to delay excretion. Self admin octreotide (Sandostatin) SQ 2-3 times daily before meals. Eat 6 sm meals. high protein, low fiber, mod carbs. avoid sugars. avoid liquids during meals
400
Discuss labs for the pts with Chron's disease.
What is Increased WBCS and ESR. Albumin decreased. H&H decreased. Electrolytes (such as K+, Mg+, and Ca+) decreased
500
Where is bile produced/ secreted from? Where is is stored and concentrated? where is it secreted into?
What is liver, gallbladder, duodenum
500
What is a vagotomy and why is it done?
What is ... severs the nerve fibers that disrupt acid production. Often done laprascopically to reduce post op compications.
500
What classification is Sulfasalazine. what is it used to treat and what are the nursing considerations?
What is ... Aminsalicylates. Tx IBD. push fluids to prevent crytstaluria. Monitor BUN and Creatinine for kidney damage
500
List s/s of a peritonitis. List 2 possible causes of peritonitis.
What is ... severe abd pain relieved by hip flexion and increases with abd pressure. N/V. fever, tachycardia, hypotension, shallow breathing from pain, hiccup, rigid-board like abd, paralytic ileum. 1) perforated bowel 2) appendicitis
500
List 4 nsg considerations for the pt with acute gasteritis
What is ...Monitor fluid intake and urine output. Administer IV fluids as prescribed. Monitor electrolytes (diarrhea and vomiting can deplete electrolytes and cause dehydration). Assist the client in identifying foods that are triggers. Provide small, frequent meals and encourage the client to eat slowly. Advise the client to avoid alcohol, caffeine, and foods that can cause gastric irritation. Assist the client in identifying ways to reduce stress. Monitor for indications of gastric bleeding (coffee-ground emesis; black, tarry stools). Monitor for findings of anemia (tachycardia, hypotension, fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, feeling lightheaded or dizzy, chest pain).
M
e
n
u