Anatomy
This structure connects the pharynx to the stomach
What is the esophagus?
This artery supplies the foregut
What is the celiac trunk?
This hormone stimulates gastric acid secretion
What is gastrin?
These cells produce insulin
What are beta cells?
This organ functions as the primary organ in nutrient absorption
What is the small intestine?
This vein is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein
What is the portal vein?
This hormone is released in response to fats and stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and gallbladder contraction
What is CCK?
This enzyme is responsible for fat digestion
What is lipase?
Damage to this region would most impair iron absorption
What is the duodenum?
This structure forms a connection between SMA and IMA circulation in the colon
What is the marginal artery of Drummond?
A patient with decreased bicarbonate secretion from the pancreas likely has impaired release of this hormone
What is secretin?
Obstruction of this structure would prevent pancreatic enzymes from reaching the duodenum
What is the main pancreatic duct?
This landmark marks the transition from retroperitoneal to intraperitoneal structures
What is the ligament of Treitz?
A patient with cirrhosis presents with hematemesis due to dilated submucosal veins in the esophagus caused by this underlying process
What is portal hypertension (leading to esophageal varices)?
This coordinated activity ensures that peristaltic waves move contents distally while preventing retrograde movement
What is peristalsis?
This structure is formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and common bile duct before entering the duodenum
What is the ampulla of Vater?
A posterior gastric ulcer can erode into this organ, leading to severe hemorrhage
What is the pancreas?
A patient with postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss likely has ischemia involving this artery/arterial system
What is the SMA? (Causing chronic mesenteric ischaemia)
A patient with refractory peptic ulcers and very high gastric acid levels most likely has excess secretion of this hormone and has which disorder
What is gastrin and Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?
A gallstone lodged here can cause both obstructive jaundice and pancreatitis
What is the ampulla of Vater?