Stomach
H. pylori infection is a major cause of which stomach disorder?
• a) Gastritis
•b) Crohn's disease
•c) Appendicitis
•d) Diverticulitis
A. Gastritis
•Which of the following is an example of an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
•a) Celiac disease
•b) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• c) Crohn's disease
•d) Hemorrhoids
c. Crohn's disease
•Which condition is characterized by the presence of blood in the urine and can result from various causes, including urinary tract infections and kidney stones?
•a) Hematuria
•b) Nephrotic syndrome
•c) Renal calculi
•d) Prostatitis
A. hematuria
•Which of the following is a common symptom of cystitis?
•a) Blood in the stool
•b) Pain and burning during urination
•c) Difficulty swallowing
•d) Chest pain
B. pain and burning during urination
•Which condition is characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the esophagus?
• a) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• b) Hiatal hernia
•c) Peptic ulcer
• d) Gastritis
A. GERD
•Which of the following is a common treatment for gastric ulcers?
• a) Antacids
•b) Antibiotics
• c) Stool softeners
• d) Insulin
B. antibiotics
•What is a common symptom of diverticulitis?
•a) Diarrhea
•b) Abdominal pain
•c) Constipation
•d) Nausea
B. Abdominal pain
•Which of the following conditions are characterized by urinary symptoms? (Select all that apply)
•a) Hematuria
•b) Orchitis
•c) Erectile dysfunction
•d) Stress incontinence
•e) Hydronephrosis
A. hematuria
D. stress incontinence
E. hydronephrosis
•Hyponatremia can be a complication of which GU disorder?
•a) Polycystic kidney disease
•b) Renal cell carcinoma
•c) Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
•d) Bladder diverticula
A. polycystic kidney disease
•Which condition is characterized by the presence of small outpouchings in the colon, often leading to abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits?
•a) Diverticulosis
•b) Gastritis
•c) Cholecystitis
•d) Hepatitis
A. Diverticulosis
4.What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive process?
a)Absorption of nutrients
b) Mechanical digestion
c) Chemical digestion
d) Bile production
C. chemical digestion
•Which GI disorder is characterized by chronic, recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits, and is often associated with stress?
•a) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
•b) Gastroenteritis
•c) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
•d) Colorectal cancer
C. irritable bowel syndrome IBS
•Select the symptoms of urinary tract infections (UTIs). (Select all that apply)
•a) Hematuria
•b) Dyspnea
•c) Frequent urination with urgency
•d) Rash on the abdomen
•e) Pain and burning during urination
A. hematuria
C. frequent urination with urgency
E. pain and burning during urination
•Which GU condition is associated with the presence of excess protein in the urine and can be an early sign of kidney damage?
•a) Hematuria
•b) Nephrotic syndrome
•c) Urethritis
•d) Prostatic hyperplasia
B. nephrotic syndrome
•Choose the common risk factors for kidney stones (renal calculi). (Select all that apply)
•a) Dehydration
•b) Excessive intake of calcium and oxalate-rich foods
•c) Regular exercise
•d) High fiber diet
•e) Diabetes mellitus
A. dehydration
B. excessive intake of calcium and oxalate rich foods
•Select the common symptoms of gastroenteritis. (Select all that apply)
•a) Nausea and vomiting
•b) Hair loss
•c) Abdominal cramping
•d) Chronic diarrhea
•e) High energy levels
A. nausea and vomiting
C. abdominal cramping
•Crohn's disease is classified as an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is most commonly affected by Crohn's disease?
•a) Esophagus
•b) Stomach
•c) Small intestine
•d) Colon
C. small intestine
•What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
•a) Reabsorption of water
•b) Filtration of blood to form urine
•c) Secretion of waste products
•d) Storage of urine
B. filtration of blood to from urine
•Which of the following are risk factors for bladder cancer? (Select all that apply)
•a) Smoking
•b) High intake of dietary fiber
•c) Exposure to industrial chemicals
•d) Chronic constipation
•e) Family history of the disease
A. smoking
C. exposure to industrial chemicals
E. family history of the disease
•What is the term for a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition, often seen in developing countries?
•a) Scurvy
•b) Kwashiorkor
•c) Anemia
d) Rickets
B. Kwashiorkor
•Which conditions are classified as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs)? (Select all that apply)
•a) Celiac disease
•b) Crohn's disease
•c) Ulcerative colitis
•d) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
•e) Diverticulitis
B. crohn's
C. UC
•Select the common risk factors for the development of diverticulitis. (Select all that apply)
•
•a) Low dietary fiber intake
•b) Chronic stress
•c) Aging
•d) Regular exercise
•e) Family history of the disease
A. low dietary fiber intake
C. Aging
E. family history of the disease
•Choose the complications associated with untreated or poorly managed urinary tract infections (UTIs). (Select all that apply)
•a) Pyelonephritis
•b) Erectile dysfunction
•c) Renal scarring
•d) Urethritis
•e) Chronic kidney disease (CKD
A. pyelonephritis
C. renal scarring
E. chronic kidney disease
•Select the common causes of hematuria. (Select all that apply)
•a) Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
•b) Dehydration
•c) Trauma to the kidneys
•d) Chronic stress
•e) Prostate cancer
A. UTIs
C. Trauma to the kidneys
E. Prostate Cancer
•Choose the typical risk factors for the development of gallstones. (Select all that apply)
•a) High dietary fiber intake
•b) Obesity
•c) Rapid weight loss
•d) Frequent exercise
•e) Female gender
B. obesity
C. rapid weight loss
E. female gender