Economics
What was the average wage for industrial workers in 1880?
$380
What is the term, created by the author Mark Twain, used to describe this era of corruption?
The Gilded Age
What term describes the influx of immigrants during the Gilded Age?
New Immigration
What were labor unions advocating for during the Gilded Age?
Better wages and working conditions
What significant transportation development opened in 1869?
The first transcontinental railroad
What major industry drove economic growth during the Gilded Age?
Railroads
Who were the two dominant political parties during the Gilded Age?
Democrats and Republics
Name one of the groups of immigrants that came during the New Immigration.
Italians, Poles, Russians, or Hungarians
What was the significant strike that occurred in 1877?
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
Name one innovation in technology during the Gilded Age.
Electric light, telephone, or air brakes
What percentage did real wages grow from 1860 to 1890?
60%
What was the name of the political machine in New York City run by William "Boss" Tweed?
Tammany Hall
What was the purpose of Ellis Island?
To process and inspect immigrants
Who led the American Railway Union during the Pullman Strike?
Eugene V. Debs
What was vertical integration?
Controlling all aspects of production from raw materials to finished goods
Name one of the two major nationwide depressions during the Gilded Age.
Panic of 1873 or Panic of 1893
What was a major issue that divided the Democrats and Republicans?
prohibition
What were Jim Crow laws?
Laws that enforced racial segregation in the South
What was the main goal of the Knights of Labor?
to unite all workers regardless of skill level
Who founded Standard Oil?
John D. Rockefeller
What was the average wage for industrial workers in 1890?
$584
Who was the president during the Crédit Mobilier scandal?
Ulysses S. Grant
How many immigrants approximately came to the U.S. during the Gilded Age?
About 20 million
What did the American Federation of Labor focus on?
Practical economic goals such as higher wages and shorter hours
What was the effect of mechanization on the workforce?
Increased efficiency but reduced demand for skilled labor