Industrial Titans
Known as the “Commodore,” he used tactics to monopolize the railroad industry
Vanderbilt
He founded the American Federation of Labor (AFL), focusing on skilled workers.
Samuel Gompers
Gilded Age politics was marked by this system, in which party loyalty was rewarded with government jobs.
Patronage/spoils system
Entry point for most European immigrants in New York Harbor.
Ellis Island
What did the term laissez faire mean? How does it relate to our unit?
"Hands off"
The government took a less regulatory approach to the time period. Allowed for tremendous economic growth but also the rise of monopolies/workplace abuse
What philosophy justified Rockefeller's approach to wealth and business?
Social Darwinism
This 1886 labor protest in Chicago ended violently and became a symbol of labor struggles.
Haymarket Riot
“We demand that the government … own and operate the railroads, telegraphs, and telephones… and that silver be coined freely, maintaining bimetallism at a ratio of 16 to 1.”
What political movement is this platform promoting?
Populist movement
Who ran NYC's Tammany Hall machine?
Boss Tweed
What economic debate did the time period center around? How did Dems/Republicans differ?
Currency
Dems/populists: silver/greenbacks
Republicans: Gold standard (deflation)
This industrialist’s “vertical integration” strategy allowed him to control every stage of production, from the Bessemer process, to raw materials to distribution.
Carnegie
This union, founded in 1869, welcomed all workers, regardless of skill, race, or gender, and advocated for broad social reforms.
Knights of Labor
Presidential candidate famous for “Cross of Gold” speech advocating bimetallism.
William J. Bryan
Southern/Eastern Europe. Intense xenophobia, discrimination on the immigrants who had arrived before them
“States cannot regulate interstate commerce; the power belongs to Congress.” What SCOTUS case reaffirmed this?
Wabash v. Illinois
“The man who dies thus rich dies disgraced. The duty of the man of wealth is to live … for the community, and to administer his wealth during his life in such a manner as to produce the most beneficial results for the community.”
What philosophy justified the actions of many Gilded Age industrialists who amassed great wealth?
Gospel of Wealth: Carnegie
1894 strike involving railroads that prompted federal troops to intervene.
Pullman Strike
Scandal involving Union Pacific Railroad insiders and Congress, highlighting corruption in the Grant administration.
Credit Mobilier Scandal
It is not enough for Christians to preach individual salvation; we must work to reform the social conditions that breed poverty, injustice, and suffering. The church must take an active role in addressing labor abuses, slums, and economic inequality.”
What movement is this quote referring to?
Social Gospel Movement
1887 law establishing the first federal agency to regulate interstate railroads.
Interstate Commerce Act
This law was implemented to crack down on Rockefeller's Oil Trust and his controversial tactics were exposed by this muckraking journalist:
Sherman Act, Ida Tarbell
After weeks of negotiation broke down, armed guards were called in, and a bloody confrontation erupted between workers and Pinkerton agents, leaving several dead.”
What event is this quote referencing?
Homestead Steel Strike
“No longer may government offices be granted as political favors. Merit must determine appointments, not party loyalty.”
What law is this quote referring to?
Pendleton Civil Service Act
“Our residents are often young immigrants who live in overcrowded tenements. We offer classes in English, vocational training, and moral guidance, so that they may rise above the hardships of their surroundings and participate fully in civic life.”
What movement in Chicago is this quote referring to?
Jane Adams' Hull House
How did the Election of 1896 (McKinley v. Bryan) mark a turning point in politics?
--End of Populist movement
-- Modern political techniques/advertising, etc.-
--Republican dominance for 20 years
-- Ended Economic debate
-- Re alignment of political parties