Foundations & Rights
Which amendment protects the freedom to practice a religion of your choice?
A. First Amendment
B. Fourth Amendment
C. Fifth Amendment
D. Tenth Amendment
A. First Amendment
Which phrase from the article explains Thomas Edison’s impact on the economy?
A. Textbox 1
B. Textbox 2
C. Textbox 3
D. Textbox 4
B. Textbox 2
Which social issue from the Gilded Age is shown in the photograph?
A. Children were forced to work long hours in urban factories.
B. Philanthropists donated millions of dollars to education.
C. Political bosses improved failing infrastructure to secure votes.
D. American Indian children were sent to cultural boarding schools.
A. Children were forced to work long hours in urban factories.
What is a primary reason why the U.S. government passed the law depicted in the cartoon?
A. To grant women the right to vote
B. To reduce job competition on the West Coast
C. To maintain neutrality during World War I
D. To break up the oil industry’s monopoly
B. To reduce job competition on the West Coast
Which factor contributed to the growth of labor unions during the late 1800s?
A. Unfair working conditions faced by employees
B. Increased job competition due to immigration
C. Strict segregation policies faced by African Americans
D. Migration of farmers to cities due to economic struggles
A. Unfair working conditions faced by employees
Which statements describe the purpose of the Declaration of Independence? Select TWO.
A. It outlined the structure of the U.S. government.
B. It established checks and balances.
C. It affirmed the fundamental rights of citizens.
D. It stated that government power is derived from the governed.
C. It affirmed the fundamental rights of citizens.
D. It stated that government power is derived from the governed.
Which characteristics BEST describe the impact of the Transcontinental Railroad? Select THREE.
A. The east and west coasts of the United States were connected.
B. Construction began during the Civil War.
C. Americans used the railroad to settle in the Great Plains.
D. Chinese immigrants made up most of the Central Pacific workforce.
E. Two companies competed to build the railroad.
F. New markets were created for farmers and businesses.
All
What effect did the act described in the pamphlet have on population trends in the United States?
A. American Indians relocated to the Northeast for factory work.
B. Rural farmers moved to urban areas in search of steady income.
C. Immigrants from China settled on the West Coast to look for gold.
D. Settlers populated the frontier when they accepted federal land grants.
C. Immigrants from China settled on the West Coast to look for gold.
Which reason BEST describes why there was an increase in nativism during the Gilded Age?
A. Many citizens were dissatisfied with government corruption.
B. Americans were frustrated with foreign investors.
C. Many citizens were concerned about industrialization in Asia.
D. Americans were afraid they would lose their jobs to eastern and southern European immigrants.
D. Americans were afraid they would lose their jobs to eastern and southern European immigrants.
Which concept is best reflected in the photographs showing a Cheyenne woman in ceremonial dress and then in a wedding dress?
A. Assimilation
B. Immigration
C. Naturalization
D. Populism
A. Assimilation
The cartoon best depicts individuals who are—
A. Fulfilling a civic responsibility
B. Experiencing due process
C. Exercising their right to petition
D. Participating in checks and balances
C. Exercising their right to petition
Which accomplishment correctly completes the list about Andrew Carnegie?
A. Opened settlement houses for immigrant factory workers
B. Donated vast sums of money to fund libraries and universities
C. Joined labor unions to encourage fair labor practices
D. Advocated assimilation of European and Chinese immigrants
B. Donated vast sums of money to fund libraries and universities
What urbanization effect is illustrated in the photograph of Chicago?
A. Poor sanitation in houses and apartments
B. Overcrowded and congested streets
C. Tall, poorly built tenement housing
D. Increased incidents of theft
B. Overcrowded and congested streets
According to the excerpt, what was the primary focus of political machines?
A. To expand civil rights and suffrage
B. To increase labor union membership
C. To prioritize merit-based hiring practices
D. To gain and maintain political power
D. To gain and maintain political power
Which option correctly replaces the question mark in the diagram containing Andrew Carnegie, new industrial technology, government corruption, and poor labor conditions?
A. Early America
B. Gilded Age
C. Progressive Era
D. World Power
B. Gilded Age
The authors of the U.S. Constitution wanted to establish a federal government in which—
A. Power was limited
B. Leaders were monarchs
C. Citizens participated
D. States had no authority
A. Power was limited
Which statements describe effects of the Bessemer process on the United States? Select TWO.
A. The construction of skyscrapers was accelerated.
B. Agricultural productivity was improved.
C. Military capabilities were enhanced.
D. Long-distance communication was enabled.
E. The quality and strength of steel were increased.
A. The construction of skyscrapers was accelerated.
E. The quality and strength of steel were increased.
Which statement BEST describes life for eastern and southern European immigrants in the late nineteenth century?
A. They found it easy to assimilate into American society.
B. They struggled with language barriers and cultural differences.
C. They received government funds to help start their new lives.
D. They were forced to return home because of anti-immigration laws.
B. They struggled with language barriers and cultural differences.
Which American value is described in the excerpt from Democracy in America?
A. Individualism
B. Populism
C. Liberty
D. Laissez-faire
C. Liberty
Which statement BEST describes why a citizen would participate in jury duty?
A. To receive monetary compensation
B. To fulfill a civic responsibility
C. To gain experience in legal proceedings
D. To meet community service requirements
B. To fulfill a civic responsibility
Which constitutional principle gives each branch of government some power over the other two branches?
A. Separation of powers
B. Federalism
C. Checks and balances
D. Popular sovereignty
C. Checks and balances
Which factor prompted the event reported in the newspaper headline associated with the Sherman Antitrust Act?
A. Large numbers of Irish immigrants came to work in U.S. factories.
B. Standard Oil bought out competitors and controlled the oil industry.
C. Unsanitary conditions were found in many urban areas.
D. Union workers gained compensation rights in a lawsuit.
B. Standard Oil bought out competitors and controlled the oil industry.
According to the excerpt, why did immigrants want to move to the United States?
A. To search for better economic opportunities
B. To assimilate into mainstream American culture
C. To maintain peace between the United States and Europe
D. To benefit from newly established schools and libraries
A. To search for better economic opportunities
Why was the motto “In God We Trust” adopted by the United States?
A. To demonstrate commitment to separation of church and state
B. To set the country apart from others that imposed limitations on religious practices
C. To honor Christian leaders who established colonies
D. To show that the Founding Fathers lacked confidence in the nation’s leaders
B. To set the country apart from others that imposed limitations on religious practices
Which of the following is an example of checks and balances?
A. Congress approves a bill, and the President signs it.
B. Congress approves a bill, the President vetoes it, and Congress overrides the veto.
C. A state creates its own constitution.
D. Citizens vote in a presidential election.
B. Congress approves a bill, the President vetoes it, and Congress overrides the veto.