Gilded Age
Define the Gilded Age. What were its key characteristics?
the late 1800s and early 1900s; seemed great on the outside but sucked on the inside; poverty, monopolies, inequality, urbanization, industrialization
What was the purpose of the Pure Food and Drug Act?
To make food and medicine safer for the public by making companies be honest about what was in their products
Define the term "recall" in the context of Progressive reforms.
citizens/the people voting to remove a candidate from office
What did Susan B. Anthony advocate for?
women's sufferage/right to vote
What did the Eighteenth Amendment prohibit?
alcohol
How did the rise of big business during the Gilded Age influence divisions between the rich and the poor in American society?
they made the rich richer and the poor poorer, led to tension and violence between labor unions and their employers
What is the National Park System and who helped establish it?
The government agency responsible for creating and managing national parks; Teddy Roosevelt
What was the primary goal of the initiative process?
to give people more of a say in lawmaking; direct democracy
Who was Upton Sinclair and what did he aim to expose in his work?
The author of The Jungle; the conditions in the meat industry
How did the 17th amendment change the election of senators?
they were now voted in by the people directly
Explain the impact of the Transcontinental Railroad on westward expansion.
It allowed people to go West much faster
What was the role of the Interstate Commerce Act?
The first law to regulate big business; required the railroads to give people a fair price
Name and explain the goals of one reform movement during the progressive era.
there were a lot, give points if they were right
What organization did Jane Addams found and what was it's goal?
Hull House; to help poor immigrants (bonus points for naming education, assimilation, help with jobs)
What are the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, AKA the Reconstruction Amendments?
ended slavery, gave equal protection under the law, gave black men the right to vote
Describe the role of political machines in urban politics during the late 1800s
They used their influence to bribe/intimidate people into voting for them and kept large amounts of public funds to themselves
What obstacles did Jim Crow laws create for African Americans?
kept them from voting, kept them in lower-quality education; allowed them to be lynched
What was the populist party primarily made up of?
the common man/workers
What role did Ida B. Wells play in advocating for civil rights?
Brought attention to lynching and other racial violence through journalism and also fought for women's rights
What did the Sixteenth Amendment establish and what was it meant to help with?
federal income tax; closing the gap between the poor and rich by having the rich contribute more money than the poor [points given for general idea of making it fairer between the rich and poor]
Evaluate the effects of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 on U.S.- China relations.
Since it made it so Chinese people couldn't immigrate to the US... [insert thoughts and ideas about how it might have effected the relationship]
Explain how the Homestead Act contributed to the closing of the frontier.
After all the land was given to specific people, there was no more frontier
What was the result of the Election of 1912, and how does that result reflect the way 3rd parties usually impact elections?
Roosevelt split the vote and Wilson won. In the US, 3rd parties haven't ever won an election, but they have made a candidate in one of the other two parties lose an election.
Describe 3 differences between W.E.B. Dubois and Booker T. Washington's approaches to gaining equality?
gradual vs. immediate; trades skills vs. college educations; compromise vs. 100% equality; focus on economic vs. political [give partial credit if they get 1/3 or 2/3]
What was the significance of the 19th amendment?
allowing women to vote allowed them to further influence the process of gaining rights