Big Business
the excessive possession or control of the supply or trade of a product or service
What is a monopoly?
a law that restricted immigration by placing a 10-year ban on immigration from China
abstinence from alcoholic beverages
What is temperance?
The first passenger elevator; invented by Elijah Otis
What is the Otis elevator?
Mexican men who worked as cowboys
What are vaqueros?
the process in which working people, through their unions, negotiate contracts with their employers to determine their terms of employment
What is collective bargaining?
the system by which the value of a currency was defined in terms of gold, for which the currency could be exchanged
What is the Gold Standard?
a religious group organized like an army with the goal of providing aid to the poor and homeless
What is the Salvation Army?
railroads that crossed the continental United States
What is the trans-continental railroad?
immigration station in the United States, located in New York Harbor, where millions of immigrants were processed and inspected upon arriving in America
What is Ellis Island?
crowded, poorly constructed multi-family urban housing units
What are tenement apartments?
A term used to describe post-reconstruction or Jim Crow south in which whites segregated and discriminated against black populations
What is the New South?
applying Christian morals and ideals to the social problems of society
a system for transmitting messages from a distance along a wire, especially one creating signals by making and breaking an electrical connection; invented by Samuel Morse
What is a telegraph?
the idea that America is made up of immigrant communities that have combined and “melted” together
What is a melting pot?
the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals
What is Social Darwinism?
Offered 160 acres of free land on the Great Plains to anyone who lived there for five years
What is the Homestead Act?
A national federation of labor unions in the United States founded in 1886
What is the American Federation of Labor?
an economy driven by a consumer spending
What is a consumer economy?
One of the earliest historically black colleges, founded by Booker T. Washington
What is the Tuskegee Institute?
companies that created monopolies or near monopolies in America during the late 19th and early 20th centuries
What is a trust?
policy of minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society
What is Laissez-Faire?
The movement to gain women the right to vote
What is women's suffrage?
undersea cable that connected telegraph lines in America to lines in Europe
What is the Trans-Atlantic Cable?
Divided tribal lands into equal farming plots in an attempt to “civilize” Native American populations
What is the Dawes Severalty Act?