Inventions and Infrastructure
What is urbanization?
transition from rural to urban (country to city growth)
What is one industry that steel was commonly used in?
automotive (may also accept construction of buildings and bridges or railroads)
On average, how many days did factory workers work?
6 - no work on Sundays
What is a pull factor? Provide an example.
Something that draws someone into a country (teacher's discretion on the example)
What country did the Industrial Revolution begin in?
Great Britain
Who is most commonly associated with the assembly line AND what was the product they made?
What was the first "big business" in the United States?
railroads
In the video about coal towns, there was a system in place that forced the miners to remain in a constant cycle of debt. What is this system similar to? (we learned about it in the Reconstruction unit)
sharecropping
What are two challenges that immigrants faced when they arrived in the United States?
language barriers, poverty and slums, discrimination and racism
Before electricity and steam power, why were factory locations limited?
If the population was increasing, how was it possible to have fewer famers and still feed America?
new farming tools that made planting and harvesting more efficient
What were two ways that the railroads were funded?
government and private investors
How much did you get paid (on average) at a factory?
20 cents an hour - $600 a year
What part of the United States did the "Old Immigrants" settle?
west and midwest
What does gilded mean?
Looks golden on the outside, but is not on the inside
What are two reasons it was necessary to build skyscrapers in the cities?
1. There were geographical limits
2. People needed to be close to work and shops
Who was the founder of Standard Oil? This person was in your readings packet. The business that made him successful was oil.
John D. Rockefeller
What age of women were usually working in the factories?
25 and younger
What were 3 push factors for African Americans that caused the Great Migration?
sharecropping, racism, KKK
What are two countries that the "New Immigrants" came from?
Italy, Poland, Russia
Until 1880, what percentage of Americans still worked on farms?
50%
What process made the production of steel more efficient and cheap?
Bessemer Process
In 30 years, the amount of children working the factories ________.
tripled
80%
Today, 10.6% of the United States urban population is at or below the poverty line. What percent was it during the Gilded Age?
20%