Business
The rise of a manufacturing economy and the decline of an agricultural economy due to an abundance of natural resources, electricity, and new innovations.
Industrialization
The founder of Hull House, a settlement house that offered shelter, counseling, and education for those living in poverty and immigrants.
Jane Addams
Corrupt organized groups that controlled political parties in the cities.
Political Machines
The law that provided 160 acres to anyone who was willing to settle land in the West.
Homestead Act
The US law that attempted to assimilate Native Americans by giving them individual plots of land.
Dawes Act
A business tycoon who controlled most of the steel industry, made millions with the introduction of the Bessemer Process, and wrote an essay called “The Gospel of Wealth.”
Andrew Carnegie
Most European immigrants’ port of entry was _________________ in New York.
Ellis Island
A political machine led by William “Boss” Tweed in New York City. Scammed the taxpayers out of millions of dollars.
Tammany Hall
African Americans who migrated to Kansas after Reconstruction.
Exodusters
Favors the common people’s interest over wealthy or business interests -- made up of farmers and labor workers
Populism
Ensure railroads set “reasonable and just” rates -- 1st time the government abandoned laissez-faire (hands off) approach and stepped in to regulate businesses.
Interstate Commerce Act
Crowded, low-cost, multi-family rental buildings in American industrial cities—particularly New York—housing millions of immigrants and poor laborers during the late 19th/early 20th centuries.
Tenements
This muckraker helped raise awareness of political corruption through political cartoons.
Thomas Nast
Hundreds of thousands migrated from the East to “strike it rich”
Gold Rush
Populists favored this - using gold and silver in exchange for paper currency.
Bimetalism
A dominant company or trust that controls all or nearly all of the market share for a specific product or service, eliminating competition and enabling it to control prices.
Monopoly
This law prohibited immigration of skilled or unskilled Chinese labor -- this was the 1st time that the US would restrict immigrants.
Chinese Exclusion Act
An economic philosophy advocating minimal government interference in transactional affairs between people and businesses.
Laissez-faire
Connected the eastern United States to the western United States
Transcontinental Railroad
The process where minority groups (immigrants, Native Americans) adopt the language, values, and behaviors of the dominant Anglo-Protestant culture, often losing their original cultural identity
assimilation
Outlawed business monopolies -- wasn’t enforced until Teddy Roosevelt took office.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Favoring native born Americans to immigrants.
Nativism
This law created a merit-based civil service system, replacing the "spoils system" where political supporters were awarded government jobs.
Pendleton Act
Used to fence in land on the Great Plains, it closed the open frontier.
Barbed Wire
US soldiers massacred 300 unarmed NAtive Americans in 1890. Native Americans had used the Ghost Dance, a way to honor their ancestors in battle. This ended the Indian Wars.
Battle of Wounded Knee