The Second Industrial Revolution
From French for “let do” and/or "hands off," this economic policy favored minimal regulation of the economy.
What is laissez-faire?
This occurs when one company controls an entire industry or market, leaving little or no competition.
What is a monopoly?
Many immigrant workers faced overcrowded, unsafe conditions in this type of factory or workshop.
What is a sweatshop?
This type of immigration factor drives people away from their country of origin.
What is a push factor?
This businessman, once the richest man alive, had a large monopoly over the oil industry
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
Most European immigrants were processed at this site in New York Harbor
What is Ellis Island?
Private ownership, competition, and profit are key features of this economic system.
What is free enterprise?
Buying many companies at the same stage of production is this form of integration.
What is horizontal integration?
An organized group of workers that fights for better pay and conditions is called this.
What is a labor union?
This metaphor describes different cultures blending together into one American culture.
What is the melting pot?
This industrialist wrote about his belief that the rich should use their wealth to encourage social progress and help those less fortunate (known as The Gospel of Wealth)
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
This is the other term given to monopolies
What is trust?
Assembly lines helped factories achieve this large-scale method of manufacturing.
What is mass production?
Supporters used this idea to argue that wealth and poverty showed who was naturally “fit” to succeed.
What is Social Darwinism?
Some labor activists supported this economic system because they believed wealth and resources should be shared more equally.
What is socialism?
This type of immigration factor draws people toward a particular destination.
Known as the “Commodore,” this businessman made his fortune in shipping and railroads.
Who is Cornelius Vanderbilt?
This law-- made monopolies/trusts illegal in the United States
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act?
Factories and farmers increased output through this shift from human or animal power to machinery.
What is mechanization?
This nickname suggests that an industrialist became rich by exploiting workers or crushing competitors.
What is "Robber Baron" ?
Union representatives use this process to seek better wages, hours, and working conditions.
What is collective bargaining?
Favoring native-born Americans and opposing immigrants is called this.
What is nativism?
This is the name of the private security group hired by Carnegie to interfere with the striking steelworkers at Homestead
Who are the Pinkertons?
This law prohibited Chinese laborers from entering the united states and denied Chinese immigrants citizenship
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
It is because of these that large amounts of goods could be quickly transported across long distances within the United States.
What are transcontinental railroads?
Competing companies that secretly cooperate to control prices and limit competition form these.
What are cartels?
Pullman, Illinois, was an example of this arrangement, which gave employers major control over workers’ lives.
What is a company town?
Many Americans supported this process of encouraging immigrants to assimilate and adapt to life in the United States.
What is Americanization?
This famous author created the metaphorical nickname "Gilded Age" for the years 1870-1920
Who is Mark Twain?
This was the positive title given to bis businessmen during the Gilded Age
What is Captain of Industry?