Immigration
The term used to describe reasons why immigrants wanted to come to the U.S (religious freedom, jobs, political opportunity)
What are pull factors?
Political machines often provided immigrants with jobs, food, or housing in exchange for this.
What is votes / political support?
Rapid growth of cities due to immigration and industrial jobs is called this.
What is urbanization?
Journalists who exposed corruption and social problems were known as these.
What are muckrakers?
This president promoted the Square Deal to ensure fairness for workers, businesses, and consumers.
Who was Theodore Roosevelt?
These immigrants mostly came from Northern and Western Europe
Old Immigrants
The most powerful political machine in New York City during the Gilded Age.
What is Tammany Hall?
Overcrowded apartment buildings where many immigrants lived.
What are tenements?
This author wrote The Jungle exposing unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry.
Who was Upton Sinclair?
Roosevelt became known as a “trust-buster” because he worked to break up these powerful business organizations.
What are monopolies / trusts?
Immigrants arriving after 1880 came were called
New Immigrants
This corrupt political boss led Tammany Hall in the late 1800s.
William M. Tweed (Boss Tweed)
This photographer exposed poor living conditions in New York City tenements.
Who was Jacob Riis?
Hull House was founded in what city
Why were progressives angered with Taft?
He supported high tariffs and conservative policies
This 1882 law banned immigration from China and was one of the first major federal immigration restrictions.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
Progressives pushed reforms like the initiative, referendum, and recall to increase this in government.
What is democracy / citizen participation?
Reformers created these community centers to help immigrants adjust to life in cities.
What are settlement houses?
Sinclair’s book helped lead to these two food safety laws in 1906.
What are the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act?
What political party did Roosevelt run under in the 1912 election?
Bull Moose Party
This 1921 law established quotas limiting the number of immigrants allowed from each country.
What is the Emergency Quota Act?
This reform allowed voters to remove an elected official before their term ended.
What is the recall?
Riis exposed urban poverty in this famous book published in 1890.
What is How the Other Half Lives?
What were the two areas of reform Florence Kelley fought for?
Child labor and women's suffrage
Give two examples of how Wilson was not a "progressive" president