Ancient Greece
What does the Athenian concept of 'democracy' literally translate to?
Rule by the people
What did Julius Caesar do to claim power in Rome?
He crossed the Rubicon
Who founded the Roman Empire and who did he defeat?
Which philosophy tells you to live in harmony with nature?
Taoism
What was the Neolithic Revolution?
The process of becoming settled agricultural societies, leaving nomadic hunter-gatherer society.
What cultural shift did Alexander's empire establish, blending the societies of Greece, Egypt, Persia, and India?
Hellenization
What was the foundational document for the government?
The Twelve Tables
What is the name for the period of prosperity for the Roman Empire from 27 BCE to 180 CE?
Pax Romana
What structures did the Mesopotamians build to honor their gods?
Ziggurats
What water management process enabled early river valley civilizations to create a food surplus?
Irrigation
Why did the Spartans collaborate with their rivals, the Athenians?
To defend Greece against a Persian invasion
Plebeian and Patrician
Name 3 main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.
Barbarian invasions, inflation, weak emperors, Christianity, too large to manage, civil wars
What is the cycle of rebirth that Buddhists and Hindus strive to escape?
Reincarnation
What's the difference between a political map and a physical map?
A political map shows countries, cities, and capitals, while a physical map shows physical features like mountains, lakes, and rivers.
A crown of olive leaves
What was the Roman system of checks and balances?
Different branches of government had power over each other, such as the veto.
Name one artistic and one engineering achievement of the Roman Empire.
Artistic: Realist sculpture, mosaic art, domed architecture
Engineering: Road network, aqueducts, large stadiums
What is the word for the duties or rules a person must follow based on their role in life in the Hindu tradition?
Dharma
Define cultural diffusion.
The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one culture to another.
What was the Socratic Method?
The process of questioning and dialogue to gain knowledge, often asking "why?" rather than assuming answers.
The Roman Republic became a dominant power after winning a Mediterranean war. Provide the name of the war and who the Romans fought against.
Punic Wars, Carthage
What was the name of the decisive battle leading to the establishment of the empire?
Battle of Actium
Name two of the classes in the Hindu caste system.
Brahmin, Kshatryia, Vaishya, Sudra, Dalit (Untouchable)
Name 1 geographic feature unique to Greece, 1 feature unique to Rome, and 1 feature they had in common.
Greece: Archipelago, inland mountains
Rome: Fertile land, Bordering mountains
Both: Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea