Enlightenment, Revolution, and Nationalism
system of government where one person has absolute control
What is absolute monarchy?
the transformation of agriculture from traditional medieval farming to more productive, efficient, and mechanical methods of farming through scientific innovation and new techniques
What is the agricultural revolution?
A meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa-no Africans were involved in this meeting
What is the Berlin Conference?
information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view
What is propaganda?
Started by Mao Zedong, combined collective farms into People's Communes, failed because there was no incentive to work harder, ended after 2 years.
What is the Great Leap Forward?
members of the First Estate who work for the church
What are the clergy?
a system of government in which all factories, farms, and other valuable things are owned and controlled by the government
What is communism?
an 1857 rebellion of Hindu and Muslim soldiers against the British in India
What is the Sepoy Rebellion?
the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s. Affected countries around the world and the rise of dictators like Hitler
What is the Great Depression?
A form of political participation that reflects a conscious decision to break a law believed to be immoral and to suffer the consequences.
What is civil disobedience?
a successful slave revolt and revolution that led to independence from France
What is the Haitian Revolution?
a period of mass starvation, disease, and emigration in Ireland
What is the Irish Potato Famine?
This was a leader of the Indian independence movement in mid-20th century known for his nonviolent protests.
Who is Gandhi?
Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924).
Who is Vladimir Lenin?
A policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine
What is Zionism?
French Enlightenment thinker who wrote The Spirit of Laws and believed that to keep one person or group from gaining too much power a government should be separated into three branches: judicial, legislative, and executive
Who is Montesquieu?
A German political philosopher and economist who founded modern socialism and wrote The Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels
Who is Karl Marx?
A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political, social, and economic life in India for more than 200 years.
What is the British East India company?
the freedom of the people of a given territory to declare their independence and/or make their own political decisions
What is self-determination?
movement begun by Gandhi to boycott British goods by making cloth at home
What is the homespun movement?
document written by the National Assembly which outline the ideals of the French Revolution
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen?
a Scottish economist who wrote The Wealth of Nations and who supported laissez faire policies and whose ideas support capitalism
Who is Adam Smith?
Lasting from 1899 to 1902, Dutch colonists and the British competed for control of territory in South Africa.
What is the Boer War?
a "curtain" split between the capitalist nations and communist nations
What is the iron curtain?
Leader of nonviolent protests for freedom on the Gold Coast. When independence was gained, he became the first prime minister of Ghana. He develpoped economic projects, but was criticized for spending too much time on Pan-African efforts, and neglecting his own countries' issues
Who is Kwame Nkrumah?