Protestant Vocab
Protestant People
Protestant Politics
Scientists
Achievements/Theories
100
What is the Gutenberg Printing Press and who invented it? Provide as many details as possible.
1. In 1455 a German named Johann Gutenberg will create the printing press.
2. In 1456 he will complete the 1st copy of the Bible. In 1500 there are 250 presses in Europe. When people start to actually read what is in the Bible an outbreak against the Church will begin in the 1500s.
3. With the printing press people learn how to read, start developing new ideas, and have the ability to read and access scripture for once.
100
These people who work to spread their religious beliefs.
Who are Missionaries?
100
This is the Catholic Church's attempt to stop the protestant movement and to strengthen the Catholic Church
Counter Reformation
100
Copernicus was a scientist who devised the ______________model, in which the ___________ was at the center.
Heliocentric
Sun
100
Scientific Method
A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem
Steps are: Question, Research, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analyze the Data, Conclusion
200
These were a pardon for sins sold in the early 1500s by the Roman Catholic Church in order to raise money.
What are indulgences?
200
He was a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices.
Who is Martin Luther?
200
What were some effects of the Protestant Reformation?
- Religious Divisions in Europe (Western Europe no longer unified)
- individualistic attitude (can interpret the Bible themselves)
- antisemitism
- Pope loses power/Money
- Kings gain power
- witch hunts (people working the devil)
200
Please list three facts about Galileo:
He was a scientist who invented the telescope
He used the telescope to prove Cop's theory
He was forced to recant by the RC Church
Even though he did, he was still placed under house arrest for the rest of his life
He developed the experimental method
200
Geocentric Model
in the Middle Ages, the earth-centered view of the universe in which scholars believed that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe
300
The term for everyday language of ordinary people
What is vernacular?
300
Who summoned Luther to Imperial Diet of Worms to put punishment in effect, opposed Luther's doctrine and didnt want Lutheranism to spread, and sent armies against protestants?
Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
300
What is the Diet of Worms?
Assembly of the estates of the empire, called by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1521. Luther was ordered to recant but he refused. Charles V declared Luther an outlaw.
300
Tell me three facts about Kepler:
He was an astronomer
He stated that the orbits of planets around the sun were elliptical
Said the planets do not orbit at a constant speed
Said that an orbit is related to its distance from the sun.
300
Heliocentric Model
the idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun.
400
This is the belief that what happens in human life has already been determined by some higher power
What is predetermination?
400
He was a religious reformer who believed in predestination and a strict sense of morality for society
Who is John Calvin?
400
This is a form of Christianity that was in opposition to the Catholic Church
What is Protestantism?
400
Sir Isaac Newton
Lived from 1643-1727
English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian.
Published work in 1687 describing universal gravitation, and the three laws of motion, laying the groundwork for classical mechanics.
400
Heliocentric Model
500
This is the declaration by the Church that a marriage is null and void, that is, it never existed as a sacramental union. Catholics who divorce must have the marriage annulled by the Church to be free to marry once again in the Church.
What is annulment?
500
A Tudor king who split the Church of England to divorce himself from Catherine of Aragon, 1509-1547
Who is Henry VIII of England?
500
What was the Council of Trent and what was decided by it?
It was meeting of Roman Catholic leaders to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers.
Outcomes:
1. Reformed Catholic Church discipline and reaffirmed church doctrine
2. Preserved the papacy as the center of Christianity
3. Confirmed all seven existing sacraments
4. Reaffirmed Latin as the language of worship
5. Forbade clerical marriage
500
Francis Bacon
Supported the Scientific Method--question, think, experiment, prove before believing something.
500
Scientific Revolution
A major change in European thought, starting in the mid-1500s, in which the study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs.