THE FIRST CIVILIZATIONS
What does HEGSAAPP stand for?
STANDS FOR
History, economics, geography, sociology, archeology, anthropology, political science, psychology
What was the Warring States period?
An unstable period where people were trying to search and restore order.
Name a difference between Sparta and Athens.
Sparta was militarized, Athens was educational and focused on democracy(direct and limited)
What was a benefit of moving the capital of the Byzantine empire to Constantinople?
It was on the Bosporous straight, at the crossroads of trade, and had a strategic military location.
Name 2 benefits of the Pax Mongolia.
-Encouraged foreign trade and opened up china to the west
-Diffusion of ideas and products, along with foreign traders
Define ethnocentrism, and give an example.
Judging another culture/group by standards of your own culture
EX= anything having to do with judgment (nacerima)
Name the 3 Chinese religions that resulted from the Warring states period, and their founders.
Confucianism- Confucius
Legalism- Han Feizi
Daoism- Lao Zi
Describe the government of Rome.
It was a republic with a two house legislature, and had the twelve tables(patricians vs plebians)
What group in history led the Golden Age of Islam?
Abbasids
Select 2 Belief Systems and compare/contrast 2 of their beliefs.
-Judaism = (ethical) monotheistic, messiah is yet to come
-Christianity = (ethical) monotheistic, Jesus is the messiah
OR
-Hinduism = reincarnation/dharma, caste system/moksha
-Buddhism = reincarnation/dharma, no caste system/nirvana
What were 2 causes and 2 effects of the Neolithic Revolution?
TWO CAUSES- Agriculture, domestication of animals
EFFECTS- Civilizations, no longer nomads(settled life), and communities, etc.
Name 3 characteristics of Islam.
Founded by Muhammad, Qu'ran, 5 Pillars of Faith, Shar'iah, accepted the 10 commandments
What are some key acheivements of the Qin Dynasty?
-First unified empire
-Legalism used
-Buerarcracy
-Great Wall was built
-Tomb with teracotta soldiers
Explain the Gold-Salt trade, and where it took place.
Caravans of muslim merchants brought goods, which Ghanan people exchanged for Gold
Trade conducted via the silent trade
Muslims brought their religion to the people of Ghana
Name 2 geographical features and how they affect civilizations.
Ancient River Valleys
Mountains & Greece
Mediterranean Sea & 7 Hills of Rome
China & Pacific Ocean
India & mountains/deserts
Japan & archipelago, island nation, diffusion/China, all the bodies of water/mountains
State the 3 early river civilizations we talked about, and the bodies of water they were based around.
Mesopotamia- Tigris and Euphrates
Indus- Indus and Ganges river
Yellow(Huang He)- Yangtze and Yellow
Compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism.
Hinduism- Moksha, supported the caste, no single founder
Buddhism- Nirvana, no caste, founded by Siddhartha
Both- Reincarnation, Karma, Originated in India
List some acheivements of the Han dynasty.
-Stopped using legalism
-Lowered Taxes
-Founded by Lui Bang
-Maintained a centralized govmt
-Civil Service Exam by Wudi
-Silk Roads
Where is the Taj Mahal located, and who designed it? What group was the designer from?
The Taj Mahal is in India, and it was designed by Shah Jahan of the Mughals
Chose 2 types of government systems and explain their contributions and where they developed.
Legalism : Shi Huangdi in the Qin Dynasty (China), harsh punishment and rich rewards to maintain control, Shi Huangdi’s bureaucracy
Republic : Roman Empire, consuls, two house legislature (senate patricians & assembly plebeians), Twelve Tables (plebeians vs. patricians)
Democracy : Athens in Ancient Greece, Direct Democracy, limited democracy
Confucianism : Confucius in China, 5 relationships, Filial Piety, Basis of Chinese government
Explain what GREATLOCK is, and give 3 examples through Mesopotamia.
STANDS FOR- Government, religion, economy, art, technology, language, occupations, cities, and knowledge
Mesopotamia- Hammurabis code, polytheistic and ziggurats, cuneiform, trading, fishing, pottery, city states
Compare and contrast the big ideas of Judaism and Christianity.
Judaism- Localized, no messiah, Old Testament, temple, founded earlier than Christianity, have 2 covenants founded by Abraham and Moses
Christianity- Jesus is founder and messiah, have old and New Testament, comes from Judaism.
Similarities- prophet, monotheistic, personal relations w god, Palestine
Explain the battle of Kalinga, and how it led to buddhism in India
Asoka was shocked due to the bloody victory, and he renounced violence and coverted to Buddhism. He created Asokas pillars, and made Buddhism a state religion.
Name 3 reasons why Wu Zhao was important in history.
-She was the first and only female empress
-Ruled China during one of its culturally diverse periods
-Expanded into Korea
-Ruthless and killed off anyone to get her power
Chose 2 regions/places/time periods and explain why they were considered to be Golden Ages.
-Athens : Democracy was at its height, the arts/sciences thrived, Greek art - showed symmetry, realism, order, balance, beauty, motion, etc. and it impacted the Renaissance art, philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, “Age of Pericles”
-Rome : Roman republic/republic government, two house legislature, expanded the rights for Plebeians and the overall empire through the Twelve Tables
-Gupta : Math - number system, idea of 0, decimal system based on 10s, theorems, etc., science/technology/medicine - 365 day year, lunar eclipse, vaccine (smallpox)
-Han : Silk roads expanded to Asia, India, Africa, Liu Bang - ended Legalism/lowered the taxes/created a centralized government, Wudi made a new civil service system that stressed Confucius’ teachings