Unit 6
The main goal of these series of medieval wars was to recapture the Holy Land.
What are the Crusades?
The conquerors of the indigenous people of the new world brought with them _________ that devastated local populations, killing millions.
What are diseases?
Characterized by humanism and secularism, this 'rebirth' of Greek and Roman culture emphasized individual achievement over religion.
What is the Renaissance?
This Italian explorer, whose expedition was funded by Spanish Royals, discovered America for Europeans in 1492.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
This pandemic responsible for the death of millions was primarily spread through medieval __________ _________ from Asia. (Two parts)
What is the Black Plague? What are trade routes?
The Ottomans captured and later renamed this ancient capital of the Byzantine Empire because of its superior geographic location connecting Europe and Asia.
What is Constantinople?
This German monk wrote this famous list detailing his problems with the Catholic Church, including the sale of indulgences and abuses of power. (Two parts)
Who is Martin Luther? What are the 95 Theses?
This large-scale transfer of ppl. + foods + plants + animals resulted in European diseases like smallpox killing millions of Native Americans.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
These two Byzantine missionaries traveled along trade routes and translated the bible into Cyrillic to spread Orthodox Christianity to Russia.
Who are Cyril and Methodius?
This indigenous Empire located among the Andes mountain range was known for its massive road system and this innovative farming technique used to grow crops on steep terrain. (Two parts)
What is the Inca Empire? What is terrace farming?
These certificates of forgiveness for one's sins sold by the Catholic Church was a major grievance that sparked this religious turning point in medieval Europe. (Two parts)
What are indulgences? What is the Protestant Reformation?
Driven by the rise of colonization, this economic policy in Europe measured a nation's power by its wealth, emphasizing the pursuit of gold and silver and a favorable balance of trade.
What is mercantalism?
This French teenager that claimed she heard heavenly voices was named a Christian saint for her leadership and victories in this particularly long war between France and England. (Two parts)
Who is Joan of Arc? What is the 100 Years War?
This famous Chinese admiral used superior technology to lead voyages to SE Asia + India + M.E. + Afr. intended to display Chinese superiority and trade goods, spices, and animals
Who is Zheng He?
This Italian Renaissance author wrote this famous guidebook, claiming that to be a successful ruler, one has to be strong and ruthless. Famous quotes include “the end justifies the means” and “it is better to be feared than loved”. (Two parts)
Who is Niccolo Macchiavelli? What is The Prince?
This labor system used in Central and South America allowed Europeans to keep control over subjects through demanding tribute and using the forced labor of native people.
What is the Encomienda System?
The catastrophic effects of the Black Plague led to the downfall of this medieval economic system made up of a monarch, lords, knights, and serfs.
What is feudalism?
This African King, noted to be the richest man in the history of the world, spread Islam throughout the Mali empire and made this city an Islamic cultural center. (Two parts)
Who is Mansa Musa? What is Timbuktu?
This famous Polish astronomer developed this controversial theory claiming that the sun was at the center of the universe + Earth + planets revolve around it. (Two parts)
Who is Nicolaus Copernicus? What is the heliocentric theory?
These two conquistadors from Spain and Portugal defeated the Aztec and Inca empires through their superior weaponry and technology.
Who are Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro?