Cultural Dimensions
What are Hofstede's cultural dimensions?
Hofstede's cultural dimensions are power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and indulgence vs. restraint.
Name one significant indigenous group in Canada.
The Musqueam are one significant indigenous group in Canada.
Define individualism in cultural contexts.
Individualism is oriented toward personal goals and independence, in which individuals place their own achievement above the group.
What is power distance in cultural theory?
Power distance refers to the extent to which less powerful individuals in a society accept and expect power to be distributed unequally.
What does the "A" in the AID model stand for?
"A" stands for Action, which means describing the specific behavior or action you observed.
How does uncertainty avoidance affect risk-taking in different cultures?
Cultures with high uncertainty avoidance prefer structured environments and are less likely to take risks, while low uncertainty avoidance cultures are more comfortable with ambiguity and risk-taking.
How do indigenous worldviews differ from Western views in terms of land ownership?
Whereas for most Indigenous worldviews, land is part of a living ecosystem and a common resource, in most Western views, land is private property, a commodity.
How does collectivism manifest in a society?
In collectivist societies, individuals take priority with group harmony and family obligations over personal goals. For instance, in Japan, group decision-making is valued over individual opinion.
Can you give an example of a high power distance culture and explain how it affects leadership?
India may take a more hierarchical approach to decision-making, perhaps giving greater respect and deference to those in authority.
Why is the "Impact" step important in the AID model?
The Impact step is important because it explains the effect of the behavior on others or the situation, helping the person understand why the feedback matters
Discuss the role of masculinity vs. femininity in shaping gender roles in society.
In masculine cultures, there is a strong distinction between gender roles, with emphasis on achievement and competition, whereas feminine cultures value relationships, modesty, and caring for others.
What is the importance of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission for indigenous people in Canada?
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada recognizes harms perpetrated in the past against indigenous peoples-in particular through residential schools-to foster healing and reconciliation between indigenous and non-indigenous people.
Compare the effects of individualism and collectivism on conflict resolution styles.
While conflict is more directly approached and mainly seen as a means of solving a problem within individualistic cultures, collectivistic cultures approach conflict more indirectly and seek above all harmony.
How does power distance impact workplace communication and decision-making in multinational companies?
While in a high power distance culture, communication is much more formal and decisions are taken by the top management, in low power distance cultures, employees may have more say in decision-making
What should be included in the "Development" part of the AID model?
The Development part should include suggestions for continuing positive behavior or making improvements for the future.