migration
Which organization coordinates global migration data and supports migrants’ rights?
IOM
What is infant mortality rate?
Number of deaths of children under 1 year per 1,000 live births.
Which country hosted the most international migrants in 2024?
The United States, with 52.4 million
How can migration affect the labor market?
Fills skill gaps
What is acculturation?
The process of cultural exchange and adaptation when different cultural groups interact.
What is the most common reason governments restrict migration?
National security concerns
How does global urbanization (now at 57% in 2025) intersect with migration, particularly in developing regions?
It drives rural-to-urban migration
How many international migrants were there globally in 2024, according to the UN's latest estimates?
304 million (representing 3.7% of the world's population).
What term describes when skilled migrants accept jobs below their qualification level in the host country due to non-recognition of credentials or language barriers?
Deskilling
What is the term for a scattered population whose origin lies in a separate geographic locale, maintaining connections to their homeland while adapting to host countries?
Diaspora
A migrant flow increases tension between two neighboring countries. What is the most effective international response?
Bilateral cooperation
By 2050, what demographic shift is expected to reverse net migration flows from Latin America to North America?
Aging populations in both regions
What is the average number of children a woman would have during her reproductive years called?
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
What is the world's largest international labor migration corridor, connecting two neighboring countries with over 11 million migrants?
Mexico to the United States (or US-Mexico corridor)
What concept describes migrants who maintain active connections and dual identities across borders, participating simultaneously in social, economic, and political life of both home and host countries?
Transnationalism
Which type of migration is most likely to relieve demographic pressure in aging societies?
Youth labor migration
How does circular migration work?
Temporary movement between home and host country
Why are some demographic rates expressed per 1,000 and others per 100,000?
It depends on the rarity of the event; common events use per 1,000, rare events (like maternal deaths) per 100,000 for clarity.
In migration economics, what does "3D jobs" stand for—the type of work migrants often fill in receiving countries?
Dirty, Dangerous, and Difficult (or Demeaning, Demanding, Degrading - variations accepted)
how do multiculturalism and interculturalism differ in managing cultural diversity from migration, according to 2025 pluralist governance frameworks?
Multiculturalism focuses on macro-level group rights and recognition, while interculturalism emphasizes micro-level interactions in local spaces.
A government wants to attract migrants but fears social tension. Which policy is most balanced
Selective migration by skills and quotas
What controversial labor sponsorship system in Gulf Cooperation Council countries ties migrant workers' legal residence to their employers, often leading to exploitation concerns?
Kafala system
How many countries or areas (representing 28% of the world population) had already peaked in population size before 2024?
63
What sector of the economy, where many undocumented migrants work, operates outside government regulation and taxation, accounting for significant employment in developing countries?
Informal economy (or informal sector/shadow economy)
Which concept describes the process where immigrants gradually adopt the cultural traits, language, and social patterns of their host country, often losing their original cultural identity?
Assimilation