Conflict
This ongoing interstate conflict, sparked by Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014, has led to a protracted struggle between Ukrainian forces and Russian-backed separatists in eastern Ukraine, raising tensions between East and West.
In global politics, this term refers to a nation's ability to influence others through military force, economic coercion, or other tangible means, rather than through soft or diplomatic methods.
What is Hard Power?
This set of global objectives, adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, aims to address pressing challenges such as poverty, inequality, and climate change by 2030.
What are the Sustainable Development Goals?
This non-governmental organization, founded in 1978, conducts research and advocacy on human rights issues worldwide, often exposing abuses and pressuring governments and other actors to uphold human rights standards.
What is the Human Rights Watch?
This political and economic union, founded in 1993, boasts a single market, a currency shared by 19 member states, and aims for closer political and fiscal integration among its members. It also practices pooled sovereingty and enhances this type of collaboration.
What is the European Union (EU)?
This type of conflict, often seen in civil wars or regional disputes, involves the intervention of external actors such as neighboring states, international organizations, or non-state actors, further complicating resolution efforts and potentially escalating tensions.
What is an Internationalized Conflict?
This concept, often associated with realist theories in international relations, defines power as the ability of a state to achieve its objectives through various means, including military, economic, and diplomatic strategies.
What is Power as Capabilty?
This process of societal transformation, often involving industrialization, urbanization, and technological advancement, is central to theories of development, as it is believed to lead to economic growth and improved living standards.
What is Modernization?
This concept asserts that cultural norms and values should be understood and judged within the context of their own culture, rather than by external standards, challenging universalist perspectives on morality and ethics.
What is Cultural Relativism?
This principle, established in 1648, asserted the independence and autonomy of states within their own territories, marking a pivotal moment in international relations.
This African nation experienced a brutal civil war from 1991 to 2002, prompting the establishment of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and a Special Court to address human rights violations.
What is Sierra Leone?
This nation is marked by a rise in global power with its rapid economic growth, expanding military capabilities, and increasing influence in international affairs, challenging the established order. One of this country's movements was the Belt and Road Initiative.
What is China?
This statistical measure, ranging from 0 to 1, quantifies the degree of income or wealth inequality within a society, with higher values indicating greater inequality.
What is the Gini Coefficient?
This judicial institution, established in 2002, prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression, aiming to hold perpetrators of serious international crimes accountable and promote justice and reconciliation.
What is the International Criminal Court (ICC)?
This country's cautious approach to international agreements, rooted in a belief that such pacts may encroach upon its sovereignty, has led to its limited participation in various global accords.
What is the United States?
This type of conflict often arises from competing beliefs or principles, driving groups to clash over differing visions for society, governance, or cultural values.
What is an ideology-based conflict?
This international organization, founded in 1945, serves as a platform for countries to discuss and negotiate solutions to global issues, aiming to maintain peace and security through collective action and the balance of power.
What is the United Nations (UN)?
This Central American nation boasts not only stunning biodiversity but also ranks high on the Happy Planet Index, reflecting its commitment to sustainable development and citizen well-being.
What is Costa Rica?
This landmark document, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948, sets out fundamental human rights to be universally protected, serving as a foundation for international human rights law and advocacy efforts worldwide.
What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?
This term describes a political entity consisting of a centralized government that exercises sovereign authority over a defined territory and population, often characterized by shared culture, history, and identity.
What is a Nation-State?
This moral and philosophical framework, dating back to ancient times, assesses the ethical justifications for resorting to war and the conduct of warfare, considering principles like proportionality and the distinction between combatants and non-combatants.
What is the Just War theory?
This term describes a global power structure in which one nation or state dominates all others in terms of military, economic, and cultural influence, creating a single center of power in the international system.
What is Unipolarity?
These influences on development encompass governance structures, political stability, corruption levels, and policy effectiveness, shaping a nation's trajectory toward prosperity or stagnation.
What are Political Factors?
LGBTQ rights face uncertainty and discrimination, with debates over legislation and societal attitudes stirring tensions and prompting concerns about equality and inclusivity in this European nation.
What is Poland?
This concept emphasizes not just the rights but also the duties and obligations of states toward their citizens and the international community, promoting accountability and ethical governance on the global stage.
What is Responsible Sovereingty?