Facts About Global South
This term describes countries that are economically disadvantaged due to historic colonial exploitation.
What is the Global South?
The year Jamaica gained independence from Britain.
What is 1962?
Reduction in government spending on these two sectors hurt working-class communities.
What are education and healthcare?
According to this IR theory, Jamaica maintains alliances with the U.S. for survival and stability.
What is realism?
The international financial institution that imposed structural adjustment programs on Jamaica in the 1970s–1990s.
What is the collapse/failure of local businesses?
Many Global South countries gained independence during this century
What is 20th century?
This theory argues that colonialism shaped global identities, cultural norms, and power structures—long after the empires disappeared.
What is post-colonial theory?
Jamaica became more dependent on these institutions, limiting democratic control over economic policies
What are Global North institutions/IMF/World Bank?)
This theory believes international organizations foster cooperation, but Jamaica’s IMF experience shows that cooperation can be unequal.
What is Liberalism?
Local farmers, especially in dairy and poultry, were pushed out of the market due to this.
What is competition from cheap foreign imports?
This political and economic group was formed to allow Global South states to voice their shared concerns about development and inequality.
What is the G77 (Group of 77)?
The movement Jamaica joined to promote Global South solidarity alongside CARICOM and the G77.
What is the Non-Aligned Movement?
This widened significantly as IMF reforms benefited elites and harmed lower-income communities.
What is inequality?
This theory focuses on how a country’s identity and historical experience—like Jamaica’s post-colonial identity—shape its foreign policy.
What is Constructivism?
This long-term economic issue grew worse for Jamaica when IMF loan payments consumed nearly 40% of the country’s export earnings
What is debt?
Countries in the Global South often struggle with this, where global trade rules favor powerful countries at their expense.
What is structural inequality in trade?
This international financial institution is often criticized as reinforcing colonial power dynamics by imposing strict conditions on Global South borrowers.
What is the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?
Social distrust of Global North involvement stems from this long historical experience.
What is colonial exploitation?
This theory explains why former colonies remain economically dependent on richer nations, even long after independence.
What is Dependency Theory?
Small businesses struggled or closed due to these IMF-required rates, meant to reduce inflation.
What are higher interest rates?
Interventions by Global North countries in Global South conflicts are often viewed with suspicion because they are seen as this type of hidden domination.
What is neo-colonialism?
This leader of Jamaica in the 1970s promoted Third World unity and challenged Global North dominance.
Who is Michael Manley?
Jamaica became a leading critic of this global power bloc due to its dominance in financial institutions.
What is the Global North?
This theory highlights how austerity and structural adjustment affect men and women differently in countries like Jamaica.
What is Feminist IR Theory?
This economic condition worsened as Jamaica’s imports increased while export earnings stagnated.
What is trade imbalance?