Political Revolutions
(18-19th centurr)
(18-19th centurr)
Economic crisis, social inequality among the Estates, absolute monarchy, Enlightenment ideas.
causes of the French Revolution
This began in Great Britain, due to its natural resources (coal, iron), stable government, and access to capital and markets.
Industrial Revolution
The rapid colonization of African territory by European powers during the late 19th century.
Scramble for Africa
What were the MAIN causes of World War I?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
A political and ideological conflict between the U.S. (capitalist) and USSR (communist) from 1945–1991.
the Cold War
This document proclaimed individual freedoms and legal equality, inspired by Enlightenment ideals.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
The growth of cities, which occurred as people moved to work in factories
What is Urbanization
Economic gain (resources/markets) and belief in European superiority (Social Darwinism) were two motivations for this concept.
Imperialism
Machine guns, tanks, poison gas, airplanes, and submarines were new technology in this war.
World War I
The purpose of this organization is to maintain international peace and prevent future conflicts after WWII.
The United Nations
A French military leader who seized power after the Revolution, becoming emperor and spreading revolutionary ideas through conquest.
Who was Napoleon Bonaparte
Poor and dangerous; long hours, low wages, child labor, and unsafe environments were examples of what?
working conditions like during the Industrial Revolution
A meeting where European nations divided Africa without African input.
Berlin Conference
Germany had to accept blame, pay reparations, give up territory, and limit its military at the end of WWII.
Treaty of Versailles
This anti-apartheid leader who became South Africa’s first Black president in 1994.
Nelson Mandela
To gain independence from European colonial rule, inspired by Enlightenment ideas and other revolutions.(think: Haiti)
Main goals of the Latin American independence movements?
Best known for writing The Communist Manifesto, promoting socialism and criticizing capitalism
Karl Marx
A revolt by Indian soldiers against British rule due to cultural insensitivity and colonial policies.
Sepoy Rebellion
Censorship, propaganda, secret police, one-party rule, suppression of opposition were characteristics of this type of government
Totalitarianism
The increased interconnectedness of countries through trade, communication, and technology.
Globalization
This meeting of Europen leaders aimed to restore monarchies, redraw the map of Europe, and prevent future revolutions. (hont: after Napoleon)
Congress of Vienna
Development of railroads, steamships, and canals improved trade and movement of people.
Improvement in transportation
The result of this was Loss of political control, exploitation of resources, and cultural disruption on colonized societies.
Imperialism
What event is considered the immediate cause of World War II?
Germany’s invasion of Poland in 1939
Climate change, deforestation, pollution, and loss of biodiversity are examples of what challenge today?
Environmental