Freedom Does not Equal Equality
In what areas did white Americans ensure African Americans remained inferior to them?
By giving them low quality education through underfunding, segregation and fully managing African American segregated schools.
What was Brooker T. Washington known for?
Founded Tuskegee Institute Alabama, advocate for "industrial education" for African Americans
What were African Diaspora effects?
They didn't know their origins or their identity
Who pushed for desegregation within the schools?
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People founded by William Edward Burghardt Du Bois.
Why did plantation owners use deculturalization?
Plantation owners wanted control over slaves and wanted them to be dependent of them
How did White Americans react to the desegregation of schools in Boston?
On one hand, White Americans believed that intergrating schools would "civilize" Black Americans by teaching them Anglo-American culture and erasing Black culture. They also worried that inclusion would threaten their own racial purity and culture.
What is industrial education?
In 1881, form of vocational education, development of good work and moral habits. Work that should be performed by "African Americans"
What methods were used to control African Americans?
They used education to control them
Would deny them education
Limit their education
fear, religion, torture
What was the difference between the first and second crusade? (After the civil war-1930s)
The difference between the two crusades was that the first one took place long ago and was almost forgotten. While in the second crusade there were more people incorporated plus there was actual change.
How did enslaved Africans use creativity to teach and learn?
They began creating new forms of communication, blending English words with African words, creating the language Creole.
Did schools remain segregated even after Massachusetts made it a requirement that no child be denied admission to a public school on the basis of race or religion?
Yes, many White Americans opposed intergration because they believed it threatened their racial purity, which led to schools remaining de facto segregated.
Who supported segregated industrial education?
Southern Industrialists-because it promised cheap labor and prevention of labor Union Northern Philanthropist-donated time, money, experience, skills or talent
How did White Americans benefit from not educating African Americans?
There was no chance of revolts, ensured compliant and inexpensive workers.
What funding benefited the building of schools for black children in low income area?
The Julius Rosenwald Fund.
How did they keep their African traditions?
By creating new songs, stories, and rituals.
How did segregated schools for African American become underfunded and low quality?
When the Boston School Committee assumed complete control of the Black segregated schools.
Why were the southern planters against African American children going to school?
Believed it would cause African Americans to leave menial agricultural work or demand higher wages. And they also depended on children to work in the field.
How did Atlantic Creoles identify?
They had a hard time identifying with either their European side or African side.
Why was the new school in Rosenwald so crucial?
It was accessible and accommodating to many black students who lived in rural or low income areas.
Who worked the plantations in the beginning of the 1800's?
Were mainly enslaved African Americans
Why did African Americans in Boston initially advocate for school segregation?
Because it was a way to protect their children from the prejudice they suffered in intergrated schools that were predominantly white.
What movements helped end industrial education?
- The Niagara Movement
- NAACP(National Association for the Advancment of Colored People)
-Civil rights movement
- Black Power and Black Studies Movement
How different were the North and the South in the US.
North had a limited number of slaves that worked closely with white servants. The South isolated enslaved Africans from white workers.
How in the eyes of education are Native Americans and African Americans experience somewhat similar?
Native Americans and African Americans both experienced, “poor health care, residential segregation, poor-quality education, and criminal justice resulting from a history of domination by the U.S. government.
What limits did fear and punishment place on learning?
Fear made most enslaved people scared to even try to learn. They could only learn in secret usually late at night.