Leading the Way (Pericles & Government)
This famous statesman led Athens during its "Golden Age" and vowed to rebuild the city after the Persian Wars.
Pericles
The Greeks believed their twelve most important gods and goddesses lived on this real mountain in Greece.
Mount Olympus
This is the "high city" or hill above Athens where the most magnificent temples were built.
Acropolis
In ancient Athens, this open-air, semi-circular theater could hold thousands of people and was built into a hillside.
amphitheater
This large square in the center of the city served as a marketplace and a public meeting place to discuss current issues.
Agora
Pericles believed this form of government, where citizens rule themselves directly, should be strengthened and shared more equally between the rich and the poor.
Democracy
This goddess of wisdom and war was the patron deity of Athens, and the Parthenon was built in her honor.
Athena
This type of Greek column was the simplest, with no base and a slimmer top.
Doric
All roles in Greek plays—including female characters—were performed by this group.
Men
Held every four years, these games included contests and sacrifices to celebrate the birthday of Athena.
Panathenaic Games
To ensure even poor citizens could afford to serve in the government, Pericles began paying people to hold these positions.
What are public office positions (or salaries for government jobs)
People traveled to the city of Delphi to seek advice from this god, who spoke through a priestess called an oracle.
Apollo
This master sculptor was a friend of Pericles and created the giant 38-foot-tall statue of Athena for the Parthenon.
Phidias
This great philosopher taught by asking questions that forced people to think about their beliefs, a method called cross-examination.
Socrates
Athenian homes were often a "contrast" to public buildings because they were made of this simple material.
mud bricks
Pericles famously called Athens the "School of" this region, believing it was a model for all other Greek city-states.
Hellas (or Greece)
These traditional stories were told by the Greeks to help explain their world, culture, and the actions of their gods.
Myths
Ancient Greek statues became more "realistic" over time as they moved away from the stiff, upright style influenced by this other civilization.
Egypt
Greek plays were divided into these two main types: stories of sorrow and ruin, or humorous stories that made fun of society.
tragedies and comedies
This dangerous Greek sport was a mixture of boxing and wrestling where almost anything (except eye-gouging) was allowed.
Pancratium (or Pankration)
To protect the city from future Persian attacks, Pericles built this massive five-mile-long stone extension to connect the city to the sea.
"The Long Wall"
Unlike the gods of many other cultures, Greek gods were believed to look and act like humans, though they possessed these two traits: they were bigger and they never died.
immortal (and larger in size)
On a Greek temple, this is the triangular top section that often contained sculptures of famous battles.
pediment
Socrates was eventually sentenced to death because government officials felt he was not honoring the gods and was leading this group into "error".
young (or the youth of Athens)
During the Panathenaic Games, this specific type of race involved soldiers running while wearing heavy equipment.
full-armor race