Group 2
Each nephron contains two components. What are they?
Cortex and medulla
______ nervous system inhibits contraction of the ureter
______nervous system promotes contraction of ureters
Sympathetic nervous system inhibits contraction of the ureter
Parasympathetic nervous system promotes contraction of ureters
Where is ADH Synthesized?
What is the primary role of the Osmoreceptor-ADH feedback system in the body?
. To maintain water balance by controlling water reabsorption in the kidneys.
What is the normal filtration fraction?
20%
The main supply for both sensory and motor come from the pelvic nerves, which connect the spinal cord through the sacral plexus at ____ and ____.
The main supply for both sensory and motor come from the pelvic nerves, which connect the spinal cord through the sacral plexus at S2 and S3.
What type of transporter, located on the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, helps create a concentration gradient in the kidney tubules?
sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter
Which of the following stimulates ADH secretion?
INC plasma osmolarity
DEC blood volume
DEC blood pressure
nausea
hypoxia
morphine
nicotine
cyclophosphamide
What are the three major layers of the glomerular capillary membrane?
Endothelium
Basement membrane
Epithelial cells
How is homeostasis maintained within the renal system?
Regulation of water and electrolytes
A patient with a low urine specific gravity was given a dose of synthetic desmopressin.
The patient's urine specific gravity did not change. What type of DI does the patient have?
Nephrogenic DI
After age 40, how much does GFR decrease?
5-10% per decade
Name 5 things that increase thirst
INC plasma osmolarity
DEC blood volume
DEC blood pressure
INC angiotensin II
Dry mouth
Water is ___ in the DESCENDING loop of henle, while _____ in the Ascending loop of henle
permeable/impermeable
Water is PERMEABLE in the DESCENDING loop of henle, while IMPERMEABLE in the Ascending loop of henle
You are picking up a patient from the ICU on norepi 20mcg/min, what impact does that have on RBF and GFR?
Decreased RBF and GFR
In which portion of the nephron are solutes reabsorbed and water is impermeable?
Ascending Loop of Henle
What percentage of the osmolarity in the extracellular fluid compartment (ECF) is contributed by sodium and other solutes?
94%