Section 1
A location where subduction occurs is called what?
Subduction Zone
Harry Hess (1906-1969) found evidence of What?
Sea-floor spreading
Who came up with the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
What is a destructive boundary?
lithosphere is destroyed
The _____________ is broken into several large pieces called tectonic plates.
Lithosphere
What is the area where two plates meet called?
Plate Boundary
Mid-ocean ridges are chains of ________________ ____________.
Underwater Mountains
What is Paleomagnetism?
Alternating magnetic stripes in ocean-floor rock
Which crust type is denser? Continental or Oceanic?
Oceanic
The theory is that Pangaea began breaking up into smaller continents that drifted apart how long ago?
200 million Years
What is the bottom of the Mariana Trench called?
Challenger Deep
What churns the molten rock material, moving the tectonic plates?
Convection Currents
What are earthquake patterns?
Shallow earthquakes form near a trench; Deep earthquakes farther away from a trench.
Rift valleys are found on _____ and in the _____.
Rift valleys are found on land and in the ocean.
Marie Tharp (1920-2006) created the first what?
Scientific map of the entire ocean floor
How deep is the Mariana Trench?
11,000 Meters or 36,000 feet deep
What do these four things have in common?
Coastlines matched up like puzzle pieces
Similar plant and animal fossils existed
They had matching rock types and mountain chains
Glacial evidence showed they shared a climat
Alfred Wegener used these 4 pieces of evidence to support his hypothesis
What is an example of a rift valley that is splitting apart Asia and Africa?
Red Sea
What happens during the process of seafloor spreading?
Magma cools and forms new parts to the ocean floor
A convection current is the continuous flow that occurs in a fluid because of differences in density.
________ material is denser and sinks.
________ material is less dense and rises.
Cool material is denser and sinks.
Hot Material is less dense and rises.
What is the deepest trench on Earth?
The Mariana Trench
How much does Mt. Everest grow each year?
2 inches
Plates movement averages about _ cm per year
5