Ideals
All government power comes from the consent of the people.
Popular sovereignty
Event that revealed the weaknesses of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation
Shays' Rebellion
Anti-Federalist demanded that this list be included in the Constitution
Bill of Rights
Constitutional Amendment most associated with protecting the powers of the States
10th Amendment
The most common kind of grant, this one comes with "strings" attached.
Categorical grants
A government’s power cannot be absolute.
Limited government
Compromise that determined we would elect the president through the states rather than by direct popular vote.
Electoral College
Name of the clause in the Constitution mandating that states respect the "public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State"
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Refers to powers held only by the federal government
Exclusive (delegated)
Broad grants given to states without strings attached.
Block grants
All people have certain rights that cannot be taken away.
Natural rights
Compromise that resulted in a fraction of a state's enslaved population counted for representation in Congress
3/5 Compromise
The process by which a state must return a criminal offender to the state where they originally committed a crime.
Refers to powers held by the states.
Reserved powers
These kind of directives dictate state action, but may or may not be funded by the federal government.
Mandates
An implicit agreement among the people in a society to give up some freedoms to maintain the social order.
Social Contract
Compromise preventing Congress from regulating the international slave trade for at least twenty years
Compromise on Importation
Article of the Constitution describing the amendment process as a 2/3 vote by Congress to propose and a 3/4 vote by state legislatures to ratify.
Article V
Refers to powers held by both the states and the federal government.
Concurrent (shared)
One way the framers tried to limit Congress's power was by listing its specific powers. This list refers to these kinds of powers.
Enumerated powers
A system in which the government’s authority comes form the people through their representatives.
Republicanism
Created a bicameral legislature, with a Senate based on equal representation and a House based where representation was based on population.
Great Compromise
Article and Section of the US Constitution describing the necessary and proper clauses.
Article I, Section 8
Article VI contains this important clause related to federalism
Supremacy Clause
The Necessary and Proper Clause is often used to grant Congress these kinds of powers, much to the chagrin of the states.
Implied powers