Colonial America
What labor system was primarily used on Southern plantations?
Which Enlightenment thinker believed people had natural rights, including life, liberty, and property?
John Locke
What famous protest involved colonists dumping tea into Boston Harbor?
Boston Tea Party
Which group supported a stronger national government?
Federalists
What is the Bill of Rights?
First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
religious freedom and economic opportunity
Which Enlightenment thinker most influenced the Declaration of Independence?
Locke
What document justified the American colonies' separation from Britain?
Declaration of Independence
What compromise created a two-house Congress with population-based representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate?
The Great Compromise
Which amendment protects freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition?
1st
Which colony was founded in 1681 as a haven for Quakers?
Pennsylvania
Who introduced the idea of separating government power into three branches?
Montesquieu
Why did Britain increase taxes on the American colonies after the French and Indian War?
to repay war debts
What fraction of Congress must propose an amendment, and what fraction of states must ratify it?
2/3 of Congress, 3/4 of States
Which amendment protects against self-incrimination?
5th
What was the first representative legislative body established in the American colonies in 1619?
The Virginia General Assembly (House of Burgesses)
Which Enlightenment thinker promoted religious tolerance and criticized state-enforced religion?
Voltaire
What rebellion demonstrated that the national government under the Articles of Confederation could not effectively handle uprisings?
Shays' Rebellion
Which Federalist Paper explained how checks and balances could prevent tyranny?
Federalist No. 51
Which amendment protects people against unreasonable searches and seizures?
4th
What term describes Britain's policy of allowing the colonies to develop self-government with little interference?
benign neglect
Which thinker believed humans were naturally self-interested and needed a strong ruler to maintain order?
Thomas Hobbes
What was the main weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
It created a weak central government with limited powers
What constitutional principle establishes that federal law takes precedence over conflicting state laws?
The Supremacy Clause
Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?
8th