Enlightenment Thinkers and People
wrote about inalienable rights and influenced the declaration of independence
John Locke
General of the Continental Army and 1st president
George Washington
influenced the american bill of rights
english bill of rights
the first continental congress met in Philadelphia in 1774 to...
make peace with England and remain part of the empire
the taxes imposed on the colonies by the British angered the colonists because they saw them as...
taxation without representation
many colonists fought in this war on the side of the british about 10-20 years before the revolution
French and Indian War/ 7 Years War
Did the Articles of Confederation set up the US as a unitary, federal, or confederal system of government?
because our congress is split into two chambers it is a _____________ legislature
bicameral
Large State Plan
Virginia Plan
believed in citizen participation in government
machiavelli
his midnight ride warned militiamen of the marching British army
Paul Revere
our first governing document created towards the end of the revolution from 1781-1789
Articles of Confederation
the second continental congress would end up passing the _______________ after king George rejected the Olive Branch Petition
declaration of independence
The first direct tax on the colonies by the British
Stamp Act
why did england impose taxes on the colonies?
pay for French and Indian War
under the articles each of the 13 states had ____ vote
1
We get protection of our individual rights from the
Bill of rights
Small State Plan
New Jersey Plan
wrote about separation of powers
Montesquieu
wrote the declaration
Thomas Jefferson
written in 1215, was one of the first documents to limit the powers of the king
which continental congress declared independence?
Second
This act gave the British East India Company a tea monopoly and restricted the colonies from importing tea from sources outside the BEIC
Tea Act
The Colonists reacted to the tea act with what event?
Boston Tea Party
Why did the founding fathers intentionally make a weak central government under the articles?
Because of the tyranny they had experienced under British rule
this event showed the founding father's the articles of confederation were not working
Shays' rebellion
Which of the 2 plans was very similar to the articles of confederation?
NJ Plan
father of capitalism and wrote The Wealth of Nations
Adam Smith
wrote the constitution
what 3 things did the first continental congress' Declaration of Resolves ask of King George to keep the peace
Repeal the intolerable acts, End the military occupation, Let the colonies vote on their own taxes
Majority rule and consent of the people, One of the first documents to establish self-government in the New World.
Mayflower compact
as a response to the Boston Tea Party, the British passed the...
Intolerable Acts
first battle of the revolution and shot heard around the world
Lexington and Concord
to amend the articles, the vote had to be...
unanimous
at the Constitutional Convention, the biggest issue up for debate was...
representation in congress
what was the compromise that resolved the issue of slaves counting for a state population for congressional representation?
3/5 Compromise
Frenchman who wrote on religious tolerance and freedom of thought
Voltaire
Founded Sons of Liberty and signed the Declaration of Independence. One of the earliest proponents of American independence from England
Samuel Adams
Explain the following excerpt of text from the Declaration of Independence. What is Jefferson saying here?
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government…”
When a government had violated the natural rights of the people, they are justified in revolution or forming a new government. Jefferson used this argument to argue for American independence
The first democratically elected legislative body in British North America, established in Jamestown, Virginia in 1619
Jamestown’s House of Burgesses
Named after the man who wrote them, these taxes on things like glass, paint, and paper were another example of taxation on the colonies without representation
Townshend Acts
showed the colonists as united which they had kind of been during the FAI War but really needed to be during the revolution to win the war
what were some of the weaknesses of the articles?
couldn't collect taxes, no president, no court system to resolve inter-state disputes
the plan that gave us our Congress how we have it today is called the...
Great or Connecticut Compromise
What would congress have looked like under the VA Plan?
Bicameral legislation where the senate and house were both using population based representation
Englishman who championed freedom of the press
William Blackstone
signed his name really big on the declaration
John Hancock
Explain the following excerpt of text from the Declaration of Independence. What is Jefferson saying here?
"But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government."
When the government has been doing bad things and abusing their power for a long time like England has, the colonies are obligated to make a change to secure the rights and freedoms of the future.
Stated the powers and limits of government and that men had the right to create the form of government under which one shall live.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)
what did the intolerable acts do?
closed Boston Harbor, replaced the elected government of MA with a king appointed military governor, allowed British soldiers charged with a crime a trial in England, and the quartering act- British soldiers could forced colonists to house them
the Albany plan of 1754 called for
a council of elected representatives and a king-appointed president
what were some of the strengths of the articles?
power to wage war, declare peace, make treaties, coin money, and conduct foreign affairs
the Iroquois Confederation influenced the Albany Plan and Constitution with their...
council of leaders and constitution-like document
What would congress have been like under the NJ Plan?
unicameral congress were each state is equal with one vote each