Vocabulary
Government
Kenya, Nigeria, S. Africa
Economics
Hodge Podge
100
What are capital goods?
Man-made tools and equipment are used to produce other goods and services.
Machines in a factory, Tractors on a farm, Ovens in a bakery. Computers in an office, Delivery trucks
100
What is Democracy?
A system of government in which the power to rule comes from the people
100
What European country colonized Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa?
Great Britain
100
What is an economic continuum?
Away to show that economic systems are not just one type or another, but instead fall along a spectrum (a line) between two extremes of Command and Market.
100
Why was Nelson Mandela sentenced to life in prison and how long of that life sentence did he spend in jail? Who released him?
For treason or sedition (fighting again apartheid laws). He spend 27 years in jail. F. W. de Klerk released him and many other political prisoners from jail when apartheid ended.
200
What is human capital?
Is the skills, knowledge, education, training, and health that people have that make them productive workers.
How people build human capital: Going to school or college, Job training and apprenticeships, Practice and work experience, Good health and nutrition
200
What is an Autocracy?
A system of government in which one person holds all (or nearly all) political power and makes decisions for the country without meaningful input from the citizens.
200
What is government instability?
A condition where a country’s leadership or system of governance is prone to frequent, unpredictable, or violent changes.
200
Where do South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya fall on the economic continuum?
South Africa: mixed, closest to a market economy
Kenya: mixed, leaning market
Nigeria: mixed, closer to the middle
200
Why has a strong sense of unity been difficult to achieve in many African nations that gained their independence in 1900's?
Tribes, ethnic groups and religions groups continue to fight with each other.
300
What is Gross Domestic Product? (GDP)
It is the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific time period (usually one year). ***GDP measures how much a country is producing — in other words, how big and active its economy is: Cars made, food grown, haircuts in a salon, doctor's visit, houses built
300
What is government corruption?
The abuse of public power for private gain.
It occurs when government officials (leaders, police, judges, or employees) use their authority to benefit themselves, their friends, or their family rather than serve the public.
300
How does famine and disease affect a country?
Are often described as a "double helix" of catastrophe. They rarely act alone; instead, they feed into one another to create a downward spiral that can set a country back by decades.
300
How do literacy rate and standard of living correlate?
Generally, literacy rates and standard of living share a strong positive correlation: as one goes up, the other almost always follows
300
What was the name of Nelson Mandela's political party? (This party also wanted to rid Africa of European control)
ANC - African National Congress
400
What type of economic system do the countries of Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa all have?
A mixed economy
400
Why is government corruption harmful?
Tax money meant for schools, roads, and healthcare is stolen or wasted.
People lose trust in their government.
Laws are enforced unfairly.
The economy grows more slowly because businesses and investors don’t trust the system.
400
What type of government does Nigeria and Kenya have? What type of government does South Africa have?
Nigeria and Kenya - Presidential Democracy
South Africa - Parliamentary Democracy
*KNOW HOW THE LEADERS ARE CHOSEN
400
Describe these trade barriers: Quota, Embargo, Tariff
Quota: Limit on imports
Embargo: Stop on imports
Tariff: Tax on imports
400
What does the word Apartheid mean?
"Apart-ness"
500
What is specialization?
When people, businesses, or countries focus on producing one good or service (or a small set of them) instead of trying to make everything. The idea is that you get better, faster, and more efficient when you focus on what you do best.
500
Why are natural resources important to a nation's economy?
Natural resources are materials found in nature that people can use—such as water, fertile soil, forests, oil, natural gas, coal, and minerals. They are important to a nation’s economy because they help a country produce goods, create jobs, and earn money.
500
How do citizens today participate in the government in Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa?
Citizens in all three countries can vote at the age of 18. Citizens in Nigeria and Kenya vote for a president while citizens in South Africa vote for the legislature who then appoints the leader.
500
Describe a mixed economy.
A mixed economy is one in which citizens make economic decisions with some government involvement. The amount of government involvement depends on where the country lies on the economic continuum.
500
What are three reasons why European countries set up colonies in Africa?
Raw materials / natural resources, land (which equals power), to spread religion (especially Christianity) ***