Simple Machines
Pulleys & Levers
Compound Machines
Engineers
Work
100
What is a simple machine that is a sloped, flat surface used to raise a load?
An inclined plane
(example: a ramp)
100
What do we call a pulley that is attached to a stationary object?
A fixed pulley
100
What two simple machines work together as part of scissors?
Wedge (cutting edge) and lever
100
What is the application of scientific concepts for practical purposes such as the design of machines, structures, products, and systems?
Engineering
100
What is the unit used to measure work?
joule (J)
200
What is a simple machine that is an inclined plane that lifts or splits apart a load as it moves?
A wedge
(example: a doorstop)
200
What do we call a pulley that moves with the load?
A movable pulley
200
What two simple machines work together in a vise?
Screw and wheel and axle
200
How many branches of engineering did we learn about?
There are four main branches of engineering: mechanical, civil, electrical, and chemical
200
What is the formula used to find how much work is being done?
Work = force × distance
Or, with variables: W = f • d
Work is measured in Joules (J)
Force is measured in Newtons (N)
Distance is measured in meters (m)
300
What is a simple machine that is an inclined plane wrapped around a rod?
A screw
300
What do we call a combination of pulleys working together?
A pulley system
300
What two simple machines work together in a wheelbarrow?
Lever and wheel and axle
300
What type of engineer designs and constructs electronic equipment?
Electrical engineer
300
How do sleds and rollers make it easier to move a load?
They reduce friction
400
What is a simple machine that has a narrow rod attached to a larger object?
A wheel and axle
(example: a doorknob)
400
What type of lever has its fulcrum between the load and the effort?
First-class lever
400
What simple machines work together in a shovel?
Lever and wedge
400
What type of engineer solves problems involving the production and use of chemicals?
Chemical engineer
400
What two things change when an inclined plane is used to raise a load?
(1) reduces the amount of effort
(2) increases the distance the effort is moved
500
What is a simple machine that has a bar that pivots on a fixed support?
A lever
500
What type of lever has its effort between the load and the fulcrum?
Third-class lever
500
What simple machines work together in a bike?
Pulley (chain) around gears move the wheels
500
What type of engineer designs and constructs machines involving motion?
Mechanical engineers
500
About how much effort is needed to lift a 10N load using a fixed pulley?
About 10N of effort.
With a fixed pulley, the amount of effort needed to move a load is about the same as the weight of the load.
With a movable pulley, or a pulley system, the amount of effort needed to move the load is less than the weight of the load.
600
What is a simple machine that is a wheel over which a rope, cable, or chain moves?
A pulley
600
What type of lever has its load between the fulcrum and effort?
Second-class lever
600
What simple machines work together in a fishing pole?
The rod is a lever, the line is reeled in through a pulley, the reel is a wheel and axle... and the hook is a wedge!
600
What type of engineer designs and constructs buildings, bridges, water systems, or sanitary systems?
Civil engineers
600
What are three ways that machines can make work easier?
(1) changing the strength of a force
(2) changing the direction of a force
(3) changing the distance over which a force is applied