Cell Membrane
This flexible structure surrounds every cell and allows substances to enter and leave.
What is the cell membrane?
This type of transport moves dissolved materials across a cell membrane without using cell energy.
What is passive transport?
Unlike passive transport, active transport requires this to move materials across the cell membrane.
What is cellular energy?
What replaces cells that are aging, damaged, or diseased?
What is cell division?
This phase of mitosis is when DNA condenses into chromosomes.
What is prophase?
This term describes a stable environment that the cell membrane helps maintain.
What is homeostasis?
This process moves molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What is diffusion?
This process occurs when the cell membrane changes shape and engulfs particles to bring them into the cell.
What is endocytosis?
During this first stage of the cell cycle, a cell grows, copies its DNA, and prepares to divide.
What is interphase?
During this phase of mitosis, chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.
What is metaphase?
A selectively permeable membrane allows some substances to cross, while doing this to others.
What is preventing them from crossing?
This process is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
This process allows large particles to leave a cell and is the reverse of endocytosis.
What is exocytosis?
During interphase, the cell copies its DNA in a process called this.
What is replication?
During this phase, fibers pull chromatids apart toward opposite sides of the cell.
What is anaphase?
Cells need these two substances to enter and this type of material to leave.
What are oxygen, water, and waste?
During facilitated diffusion, these structures form channels that allow sugars to cross the cell membrane.
What are proteins?
During endocytosis, the membrane engulfs a food particle, fuses, and pinches off to form this structure inside the cell.
What is a vacuole?
In animal cells, these structures are copied during interphase and later help divide DNA.
What are centrioles?
During this phase, nuclear membranes form around the DNA and two nuclei appear.
What is telophase?
These are the two main processes by which materials move across the cell membrane.
What are passive transport and active transport?
When water moves out of a cell faster than it enters, these two changes can happen to the cytoplasm and cell membrane.
What are the cytoplasm shrinking and the cell membrane pulling away from the cell wall?
A cell needs the concentration of a molecule inside to remain higher than outside. This transport process maintains that difference, and this is what makes it possible.
What is active transport, using cellular energy?
Place these three stages of the cell cycle in the correct order: cytokinesis, mitosis, and interphase.
What are interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis?
Compare cytokinesis in animal and plant cells. Explain what happens to the cell membrane in animals and what forms in plants.
What is the animal cell membrane squeezing around the middle, while a cell plate forms across the middle of a plant cell, followed by new cell membranes and cell walls?