Biology
Optics
Chemistry
Climate Change
100
An unspecialized cell that can form specialized cells.
What is a stem cell?
100
A lens that curves inwards. 
What is a concave lens?
100
The term used for the “ingredients” of a chemical reaction.
What is a reactant?
100
The average weather in an area over a long period of time.
What is climate?
200
A cell which goes through independent mitosis without stopping; develops when a mutation occurs in the cell that affects how the cell divides.
What is a cancer cell?
200
The type of light production when you “crack” a glow stick.
What is chemiluminescence?
200
The total mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction must equal the total mass of the products.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
200
The measure of the ability of a greenhouse gas to trap thermal energy in the atmosphere.
What is global warming potential?
300
The four major tissues found in animals.
What are the epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue?
300
What is the formula to calculate the index of refraction? Provide a description of each variable.
n = c/v
300
The type of chemical reaction in which a compound is broken down into two or more elements or simpler compounds.
What is decomposition?
300
How do scientists know what Earth's climate was like thousands of years ago?
Ice cores, Tree Rings/Coral Reefs, and Rock/Ocean Sediment/Caves
400
A description of the osmosis process. What are the 3 types of osmosis states?
The process in which the solvent moves through a semipermeable membrane from a dilute solution into a more concentrated solution.
Hypotonic
Hypoertonic
Isotonic
400
What are the SALT characteristics for a convex mirror?
S - smaller
A - upright
L - behind mirror
T - virtual image
400
Describe the molecular difference between a acid and a base. Provide an example of each (formula and name).
Acid - lower pH (0-7) and has a higher concentration of H+ ions
Base - high pH (7-14) and has a lower concentration of H+ ions
Acid - H2SO4 - sulfuric acid or HF - hydrofluoric acid
Base - NaOH - Sodium Hydroxide - CO3 carbonate of some sort
400
What are the two chemical compounds from your summative that are responsible for trapping heat in the atmosphere.
SO2 & NOx
500
Using the "Mitosis Hand Model", describe the stages of Mitosis in order. How many chromosomes should a organism with 2n = 8 have at the end of mitosis?
Prophase - decondensing of chromosomes and nuclear membrane dissolving
Metaphase - chromosomes aligning in the middle
Anaphase - sister chromatids being pulled to opposite ends
Telophase - the reforming of nuclear membrane and coiling of chromosomes
The organism should have 8 chromosomes in each daughter cell.
500
What is refraction? What type of lens is this?
Refraction is the bending of light through two mediums. This is a diverging lens because the light rays diverge on the other side of the lens and converge where the light source is coming from.
500
The balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethane (C2H6).
What is 2 C2H6 + 7 O2 → 4 CO2 + 6 H2O?
500
Describe the "Greenhouse Gas Effect".
The Greenhouse Gas Effect serves as a blanket that traps the heat from leaving Earth. There are certain chemical compounds such as CO2 and NOx and SO2 that help to trap the heat. Due to an increase in human activity, the greenhouse gases are becoming more and more abundant in the atmosphere, which is becoming more dangerous.