Microscopes
A unit commonly used when using microscopes; equal to 0.001 mm.
Micrometers (µ)
This outermost part of a plant cell provides the plant cell with protection and strength.
Cell wall
All living things are made up of ____.
Cells
A cell’s protective barrier, made up of special molecules called phospholipids.
Cell membrane
Roots growing away from the light would be an example of ____ ____.
Negative phototropism
A technique used to increase contrast and to show specific parts of cells.
Staining
This organelle contains the cell's genetic information (DNA), and acts as the cell’s command center.
Nucleus
All existing cells come from preexisting cells through this process.
Cell division
Found only in plant cells, this organelle uses photosynthesis.
Chloroplast
The process in which water built up at the base of a plant pushes water up to the plant’s leaves.
Root pressure
The diameter of the circular region of the slide visible under the microscope.
Field of View (F.O.V.)
This organelle converts the chemical energy of sugar into ATP through a process called cellular respiration.
Mitochondria
Cells are the ____ ____ of organisms.
Functional units
This organelle is in charge of the production and transport of products in the cell. There are two types of this organelle, one of which deals with proteins, and the other of which deals with lipids.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
The properties of water include water sticking to itself (____), and to other things (____).
Cohesion, adhesion
Scanning electron microscopes are great for seeing ____.
The surfaces of things
This organelle is made in the nucleolus, and produces proteins. It can be found floating in the cytoplasm, or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Ribosomes
The belief that living things could arise from non-living matter.
Spontaneous generation
____ and ____ are membrane-bound structures that store nutrients and other materials.
Vesicles, Vacuoles
This type of tissue is made up of cells that are not vascular or dermal, and makes up the main bulk of a plant’s interior.
Ground tissue
This type of microscope can magnify up to 50 000 000x resolution, and is good for observing thin slices of specimen.
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Membrane-bound sacs containing enzymes that digest and recycle materials, found only in animal cells.
Lysosomes
Name two of the four main functions of cells.
- Taking in nutrients
- Using energy to do work (life processes)
- Getting rid of wastes
- Maintaining certain temperatures and chemical conditions (e.g. acidity)
A series of flat, disc-shaped sacs that package materials made by ribosomes for export or use inside the cell.
Golgi apparatus
A chemical compound manufactured in one area, then transported to another, where in low concentrations, it has the ability to initiate a physiological response.
Auxin