What type of bond is formed between two sugar molecules?
What is glycosidic
100
What are enzymes and how do they work?
What is they are biological catalysts that lower the activation energy of a reaction
100
What is the most abundant molecule found in the cell membrane
What is phosphlipids
100
What does DNA stand for?
What is deoxyribonucleic acid
100
How do you test for the presence of reducing sugars
What is add Benedicts solution to a test tube with food in it and heat up the test tube
200
What polysaccharide is formed by the linking of several beta glucose molecules?
What is cellulose
200
Name 3 factors that effect the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction?
What is temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration.
200
What is the role of glycoproteins in the cell membrane?
What is they carry a carbohydrate chain that is used for cell-cell recognition
200
What are the components of a nucleotide
What is a phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous base
200
There are two cells.
Cell A: Water potential is -800 kPa
Cell B: Water potential is -600 kPa
In which direction will the water move?
What is from B--> A
300
What is the function of lipids in living organisms?
What is energy storage, heat insulator,
300
What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured? Name two things that cause this to happen.
What is the protein begins to unfold and loses it's shape. This can be caused by an increase or decrease in pH or temperature
300
Why is facilitated diffusion different than diffusion?
What is facilitated diffusion requires a protein
300
What does semi-conservative replication mean?
What is the two new strands created from DNA replication each contain one strand from the parent chain and one newly replicated strand
300
The following is the base sequence of a strand of mRNA
AUG GCA
What are the two anticodon sequences of tRNA
What is UAC CGU
400
What type of structure relates to the hydrogen bonds between the amino acids
What is secondary structure
400
How does a non-competitive inhibitor stop a reaction?
What is it can permanently bind to the active site of an enzyme or bond to an area of the enzyme which changes the shape of the active site.
400
What happens when you place a cell in a hypotonic solution?
What is the cell will burst
400
What is a genetic mutation
What is when a base is changed in the DNA sequence which alters the amino acid produced, which can alter the protein produced.. which can ultimately create a new gene
400
How do you follow the progress of enzyme catalyzed reactions?
What is collect the gas produced, measure a colour change.... etc
500
What types of bonds determine the tertiary and quaternary structure of a protein?
What is hydrogen, ionic, disulfide and hydrophobic interactions
500
How does increasing substrate concentration affect the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction in the presence of a competitive inhibitor?
What is it speeds the reaction back up. More chances for the substrate to bind to the active site rather than the inhibitor.
500
Cell drinking and cell eating are also known as?
What is pinocytosis and phagocytosis
500
Describe the process of transcription
What is RNA polymerase creates a complimentary strand of RNA to the DNA replacing T with U called mRNA.
500
Explain why doctors use alcohol when a person has been poisoned with anti-freeze.
What is alcohol works as a non-competitive inhibitor that stops the breakdown of anti-freeze into a dangerous substance that can harm the body.