Photosynthesis
The oxygen produced in photosynthesis comes from what molecule? or What donates electrons to PSII?
water
Where is the location of the light reactions?
Thylakoid membrane
Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?
Stroma of the chloroplast
What is photorespiration?
A metabolic process in plants where Rubisco binds to O2 instead of CO2
The initial carbon dioxide fixation product in C4 plants is a four-carbon compound called what?
Oxaloacetate
What is the source of the carbon in sugar produced during photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide.
What are the reactants of the light reaction?
Light energy and water
What phase of the calvin cycle is the NADPH used up in?
Phase 2: Reduction of 3-PGA to G3P (sugar)
What is carbon fixation?
Converting inorganic carbon (CO2) into organic carbon.
CAM plants open their stomata during this time period to minimize water loss
At Night
What pigments are involved in photosynthesis?
Chloroyphyll A & B, and caretenoids
What are the main products of the light reactions?
ATP and NADPH
What is G3P or glucose?
The final product of the Calvin Cycle
What is plastoquinone?
The molecule in the light-dependent reaction ETC that acts as an electron and proton shuttle
This specialized cell in C4 plants is the primary site of the Calvin cycle
A bundle sheath cell
What are the reactants and products for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light--> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is the main purpose of cyclic electron flow in light-dependent reactions?
To produce ATP without generating more NADPH
What are the three stages of the Calvin Cycle?
Carbon fixation, reduction and regeneration
What is an electrochemical gradient?
Concentration difference and electrical charge difference across a membrane
This enzyme is responsible for the initial carbon fixation in both C4 and CAM plants
PEP carboxylase
What are pigments?
Molecules (ie. chlorophyll) that absorb different wavelengths of light
What is the destination of ATP & NADPH produced from the light-reactions
The Calvin Cycle
What molecule needs to be regenerated in the calvin cycle, and why?
RuBP, to allow the cycle to continue accepting new carbon dioxide molecules
What is Rubisco?
The enzyme responsible for carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle.
C4 and CAM plants spatially or temporally separate the initial carbon fixation from this process.
The Calvin Cycle