Multiplicative Comparison
A kangaroo can jump 6 times the length of its body. For a kangaroo that is 5 feet long, how far can it jump?
6 x 5 = 30 feet
Three friends ordered 2 pizzas. Each pizza was cut into 8 slices. If each person ate the same number of slices, how many slices did each person eat?
2 x 8 = 16 slices of pizza
16 ÷ 3 = 5R1
Each friend ate 5 pieces of pizza and there was one slice left over.
Karin has 461 songs downloaded. Joe has 123 more songs downloaded than Karin. How many songs does Joe have?
461 + 123 = 584 songs
Darcy ordered 7 boxes of blue balloons and 2 boxes of red balloons for a party. She ordered a total of 1,125 balloons. How many balloons are in each box?
7 + 2 = 9 boxes
1,125 ÷ 9 = 125 balloons in each box
The amount that is left after dividing a number into equal parts.
Remainder
Pam has 24 pencils and 6 erasers. How many times as many pencils as erasers does Pam have?
24 ÷ 6 = 4
Pam has 4 times as many pencils as erasers.
Mark spent $79 on 3 shirts and a package of socks. If each shirt cost $24, how much did the package of socks cost?
$24 x 3 = $72
Hidden question: The shirts cost $72
$79 - $72 = $7 (cost of the socks)
Brandon bought 192 balloons. Adam bought 118 more balloons than Brandon. How many balloons did Adam buy?
192 + 118 = 310 balloons
The percussion section of a marching band has 4 times as many musicians as the trombones and French horns combined. How many musicians are in the percussion section? There are 18 trombones and 12 French horns.
18 + 12 = 30 Trombones and French Horns combined
4 x 30 = 120 musicians in the percussion section
A symbol or letter that stands for a number.
Variable
Macon has 32 rocks in his collection. He has 4 times as many rocks as his brother. How many rocks does Macon’s brother have?
32 ÷ 4 = 8
Macon's brother has 8 rocks.
There are 64 singers in the choir. The tenors and sopranos are in separate rows. There are 8 singers in each row. There are 4 rows of tenors. How many rows of sopranos are there?
64 ÷ 8 = 8 rows (hidden question)
8 - 4 = 4 rows of sopranos
Tammy worked 618 hours last year. Louie worked 487 hours last year. How many more hours did Tammy work than Louie?
Use the inverse operation of subtraction to solve for the comparison.
618 - 487 = 131 hours
Jordan needs $9,240 for her first year of college tuition. Each of her two grandfathers agreed to match what she saves. She has 8 years to save before she goes to college. How much does Jordan need to save on her own each year to have enough for her first year with help from her grandfathers?
$9,240 ÷ 3 = $3,080 total amount Jordan needs to save
$3,080 ÷ 8 = $385 (Amount that Jordan needs to save on her own each year)
Number sentence that uses an equal sign to show that two expressions have the same value.
Equation
Sabrina jogged 54 laps around the football field. Harry ran 9 laps. How many times as many laps did Sabrina run than Harry?
9 x 6 = 54
Sabrina ran 6 times as many laps as Harry.
Mitchell wants to beat the record for the most points scored in a season. This season, he has scored 51 points. If he scores 27 points at each of the next 7 games, he will break the record by 1 point. How many total points will he need to score to break the record by 1 point.
27 x 7 = 189 points
189 + 51 = 240 total points
Kyle watched 238 movies. Jason has watched 49 more movies than Kyle. How many movies has Jason watched?
238 + 49 = 287 movies
Jason and his 3 brothers want to buy a gift for their mother. They have $314 saved. Each of them will save $17 a week until they have at least $515 for her gift. How much money will they save after 3 weeks? Will they have enough money to buy the gift?
$515 - $314 = $201 left to save
4 x $17 = $68 saved each week
$68 x 3 = $204 saved after 3 weeks
$204 - $201 = $3 left over
Yes, they will have enough money to buy the gift and there will be $3 left over.
Number sentence that does not use an equal sign
Expression
Martin has 12 times as many baseball cards as Josie. Josie has 29 more cards than Kal. Kal has 28 baseball cards. How many baseball cards does Martin have?
28 + 29 = 57
12 x 57 = 684 baseball cards
Samantha has $600 saved for a trip. She buys an airline ticket for $120 and reserves a hotel room for $55 each night for 4 nights. If Samantha's trip lasts for 5 days and she spends the same amount each day, how much can Samantha spend each day?
$55 x 4 = $220 (hidden question)
$600 - $220 = $380
$380 - $120 = $260 left to spend
$260 ÷ 5 = $52 to spend each day
Tia sells 292 newspapers. Tess sells 117 more newspapers than Tia. How many newspapers does Tess sell?
292 + 117 = 409 newspapers
At a local shelter, large dogs can be adopted for $10 each. Small dogs can be adopted for $5 each. There are 17 large dogs available for adoption. If all the dogs are adopted, the shelter will make $215. How many small dogs are at the shelter?
17 x $10 = $170
$215 - $170 = $45
$45 ÷ $5 = 9 small dogs
Multiplication and Division are operations that undo each other. They are called _________ ________.
Inverse Operations