Changes in State & Particle Theory
What are the three states of matter?
(Solid, Liquid, Gas)
What is the smallest unit of matter?
(An atom.)
Give one example of a mixture.
(Sand and salt, air, or salad.)
Name a property of metals.
(Shiny, conducts electricity, malleable, ductile.)
What color does blue litmus paper turn in acid?
(Red.)
What happens to particles when a solid melts?
(They gain energy and move apart.)
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
(Elements are made of one type of atom, and compounds are made of two or more atoms chemically combined.)
What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?
(Mixtures are not chemically combined and can be separated.)
Name a non-metal.
(Oxygen, carbon, sulfur, etc.)
What is the pH range of acids?
(0-6.)
What is condensation?
(Gas turning into liquid when cooled.)
What is an example of a compound?
Any compound can be given as answer
What method is used to separate salt from water?
(Evaporation.)
What is an alloy?
(A homogenous mixture of metals or a metal mixed with a non-metal.)
What do we call a substance that changes color in acids and alkalis?
(An indicator.)
Why does gas spread to fill a container?
(Particles move freely and quickly in all directions.)
What are periods and groups in the Periodic table?
Periods - Horizontal rows
Groups - Vertical columns
What technique separates liquids based on their boiling points?
(Distillation.)
Why are alloys used instead of pure metals?
(They are stronger, more resistant to rust, or have improved properties.)
What happens when an acid is neutralized by an alkali?
(It forms salt and water.)
What is sublimation?
(A solid turning directly into a gas without becoming a liquid.)
Define mixtures and its types.
Mixtures are substances that are mixed physically.
1. Homogenous mixture
2. Heterogenous mixture
How would you separate a mixture of salt and water?
1. Dissolve the salt in water and filter it.
2. Evaporate the water from the filtrate (salt + water)
What is an example of an alloy and its use?
- Stainless steel – used in cutlery and medical instruments.
- Brass - decorative items, electrical components, sculptures etc
- Bronze - Sculpture, strings of musical instruments etc
Give 3 examples of neutralization in everyday activities
Any 3 examples