The Fur Trade
What was a voyageur?
When did France begin sending explorers to find new land?
In the 1530s.
What is the other name for the Seven Years War?
The French and Indian War.
What was impressment?
Who were the families controlling the oligarchies of Upper and Lower Canada?
Upper Canada: Family Compact
Lower Canada: Chateau Clique
Who were some of the early European Explorers that were instrumental in the "discovery" of Canada and the development of the Fur Trade? (4)
Jacques Cartier, Samuel de Champlain, Henry Hudson, John Cabot.
Define seigneurs, seigneuries, and habitants.
Seigneurs were people who were given a large area of land, called a seigneurie, to develop. Habitants were farm families that lived on this land to develop it.
What did the British army do to the French warships at the second siege of Louisbourg?
They set one on fire, and sailed the other one away to join the British fleet.
Brock was a British officer and Tecumseh was a Shawnee First Nation chief. Both were military leaders in the War of 1812.
Who were the rebellion leaders of Upper and Lower Canada?
Upper Canada: William Lyon Mackenzie
Lower Canada: Louis-Joseph Papineau
Why were the coureurs des bois illegal?
They traded directly with the First Nations people and were not licensed by the French government.
What was the title of the top government official in New France?
The governor.
What was the final battle between the English and the French in the Seven Years War?
The Battle of the Plains of Abraham.
Why was the White House burned down during the War of 1812?
In retaliation for the burning of York in 1813.
What were the two major recommendations of the Durham Report?
1. Unite the two colonies of Upper and Lower Canada
2. Introduce responsible government
What is the oldest running business in Canada?
The Hudson's Bay Company.
Why were the Acadians expelled from their homes?
After the War of the Spanish Succession, Acadia became a British colony. They wanted the Acadians to swear an oath of allegiance to the English crown. The Acadians were proud French Catholics, and many refused to swear the oath.
What was the name of the 1763 Treaty that ended the Seven Years War?
The Treaty of Paris
What treaty ended the War of 1812?
The Treaty of Ghent
What was the Rebellion Losses Bill?
It would help pay for the damages people had to their properties during the Lower Canada Rebellions.
How did the Indigenous people of Canada help European Settlers survive?
- Showed them how to make warm clothing
- Helped them build canoes, snowshoes and sleds to help with transportation
When did the actual Expulsion of the Acadians happen?
Between 1755 and 1760.
What were the four main demands of the French people during the treaty negotiations after the Seven Years War?
BONUS: which demand was denied and why?
1. Allow senior government officials to return to France.
2. The Roman Catholic religion must be allowed to continue in Quebec.
3. French merchants must be allowed to continue trading as before.
4. The French people in Quebec can't be forced to fight against France in the future.
BONUS: Number 4, because they were now subjects of the British King
Who won the War of 1812?
No one!
What were the Montreal Riots?
Opponents of the Rebellion Losses Bill rioted when it was passed. They threw eggs at Lord Elgin, and a group broke into the legislature buildings and set them on fire.